Detailed Explanation of Papaya Seedling Raising Methods and Planting Techniques
How to raise papaya seedlings? Please provide an introduction to the methods. The reference for papaya seedling propagation techniques is as follows: 1. Seed collection and seed treatment. Select trees in full fruit-bearing stage that are free from pests and diseases. Around mid-September each year, when most of the papaya fruit skin has turned yellow, harvesting can begin. Remove the seeds, discard empty and shriveled seeds, then soak them in a 0.1-0...
How to raise papaya seedlings? Please provide an introduction to the methods
The reference for papaya seedling propagation techniques is as follows:
1. Seed collection and seed treatment
Select trees in full fruit-bearing stage that are free from pests and diseases. Around mid-September each year, when most of the papaya fruit skin has turned yellow, harvesting can begin. Remove the seeds, discard empty and shriveled seeds, then soak them in a 0.1-0.3% potassium permanganate aqueous solution for about 1 hour, rinse them clean with water, and either sow directly or store them in sand until sowing the following spring. The sand storage method is to mix the seeds with clean sand at a ratio of 1:3, and store them in sand in the open air in a sheltered, shady, dry place, with a pit depth of about 50cm. If there are too many seeds, a bamboo stick or corn stalk should also be used to make an "exhaust hole." The sand moisture should be such that it forms a ball when squeezed in the hand without dripping water. Cover with about 30cm of clean sand. During storage, check 2-3 times each month. If mold or heating occurs, transfer to another pit for storage in time. Around mid-March the following spring, when two-thirds of the seeds have split open, sowing can begin.
2. Nursery site selection and preparation before sowing
The nursery site should be selected in a plot of brown soil or yellow soil that has convenient transportation, sufficient water sources, good drainage and irrigation, and is loose and fertile. Before sowing, the land must be finely prepared. Apply 10 kg of imported carbofuran, 5 kg of carbendazim, and 15 kg of compound fertilizer per mu.
3. Sowing
Papaya is usually sown in flat beds in rows. The sowing rate is 30-40 kg per mu, the bed width is 120-150cm, the row spacing is 20cm, the furrow depth is 8-10cm, the soil covering thickness is 3-4cm, and the path is 20-25cm. After sowing, irrigate with enough bottom water.
4. Field management
Field management of papaya seedlings mainly involves loosening the soil, weeding, watering, and fertilizing. As long as the seeds and soil disinfection are up to standard and the seeds are fully mature, pest and disease control is generally unnecessary. Weeding should be done "early, small, and thoroughly." Avoid drought, loosen the soil regularly, and fertilize about one month after seedling emergence. Use the furrow fertilization method, once every half month, applying about 15 kg of urea per mu, for a total of 4-5 applications. Stop fertilizing after the Beginning of Autumn to promote lignification of the seedlings.
5. Seedling grafting
Traditionally, planted seedlings are often seedling-grown plants, which not only bear fruit late (generally starting to bear fruit in five to six years) and have low yields, but also suffer from variety degeneration and relatively low economic benefits. Nowadays, most are grafted seedlings, which begin bearing fruit in the third year. Several varieties selected and bred in Shandong in recent years, such as Changjun, Guohua, and Luyu, have strong adaptability, high yields (after reaching full production, the yield per mu can reach more than 5000 kg, with an income of nearly ten thousand yuan), and excellent variety quality, and can be developed and promoted on a large scale. The grafting time is generally from late August to early September. The single-bud side grafting method is usually used, without exposing the bud. The following spring, check that healing is complete, cut off 2-3cm from the grafting site, remove sprouts and tillers in time, and strengthen management. In the same year, the seedlings can grow to about 1.5m. For the small number that do not survive, use the same method to graft again in spring.
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