What are the methods for preventing and controlling pests and diseases of jujube trees in autumn and winter?
Please introduce the methods for preventing and controlling pests and diseases of jujube trees in autumn and winter? Detailed operation methods would be best. For the methods for preventing and controlling pests and diseases of jujube trees in autumn and winter, you can refer to the following methods: 1. Clean the orchard: Pests and diseases such as jujube rust, green plant bug, and jujube slug moth overwinter in fallen branches, leaves, or weeds under the trees. Therefore, after the jujube trees shed their leaves...
Please introduce the methods for preventing and controlling pests and diseases of jujube trees in autumn and winter? Detailed operation methods would be best.For the methods for preventing and controlling pests and diseases of jujube trees in autumn and winter, you can refer to the following methods:
1. Clean the orchard:Pests and diseases such as jujube rust, green plant bug, and jujube slug moth overwinter in fallen branches, leaves, or weeds under the trees. Therefore, after the jujube trees shed their leaves, the jujube orchard should be cleaned promptly, and the fallen branches, leaves, rotten fruit, and weeds in the orchard should be cleared away cleanly and then burned in a centralized manner or buried deep underground.
2. Dig out pupae and cocoons:Based on the habit of the peach fruit borer and jujube looper of overwintering in the soil around the trunk, combined with deep plowing of the soil, before the soil freezes and after it thaws, pick up the overwintering pupae and cocoons and destroy them in a centralized manner. This can effectively reduce the pest population base for the next year.
3. Scrape off old bark:The temperature under the bark is 1 to 3 degrees higher than the air temperature, and the bark and bark crevices are overwintering sites for pests and diseases such as the jujube leaf roller and red spider mite. Scraping off old bark can not only eliminate pests and diseases but also stimulate tree growth. Scraping should be done after leaf fall and before bud break. When scraping, spread plastic sheeting under the tree to collect the bark and insect pupae, then burn them or bury them deep.
4. Whitewashing:Whitewashing the trunk can both protect against cold and prevent disease and control pests. The formula for the whitewash: 12 parts quicklime (slaked with cool water), 2 parts sulfur or 3 parts original lime-sulfur mixture liquid, 2 parts salt (dissolved with hot water), 36 parts water, and an appropriate amount of glue. Lime and sulfur can prevent freezing and sunscald and can also prevent disease and kill insects. Salt helps the lime penetrate the bark and retain moisture, preventing the lime from cracking and peeling off. Adding glue can enhance the adhesion of the whitewash. The whitewashed area should be high; all branches from which old bark has been scraped should be whitewashed to prevent branch tip dieback.
5. Plug tree holes:Tree holes in old trees easily breed pests and diseases and are also overwintering sites for pests such as the jujube leaf roller. In winter, 10 parts clay soil, 3 parts chopped wheat straw, and a small amount of insecticide can be mixed with water into a mud slurry to plug the tree holes, so as to seal and kill overwintering insect pupae.
6. Prune off pest-infested branches and cocoons:In combination with winter pruning, cut off branches infested by the tortoise wax scale. For severely affected large branches, a wire brush can be used to remove the overwintering pests on them. Attention should also be paid to cutting off the overwintering cocoons of the yellow slug moth.
7. Spray pesticides:Because the tortoise wax scale has a waxy shell on its surface, ordinary chemical pesticides are generally very ineffective at killing it, so diesel emulsion can be sprayed to eliminate it. Before the jujube trees bud, evenly and carefully spray the entire tree once with 5 degrees Baume lime-sulfur mixture, which can control pests such as red spider mites and pear scale.
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