How to graft a jujube tree? Detailed methods and steps
How to graft a jujube tree? What good grafting techniques are there for jujube trees? Is there any netizen who can help explain? There are many grafting methods for jujube trees, and the commonly used grafting methods mainly include: cleft grafting, side grafting, bark insertion grafting, cut grafting and soft shoot bud grafting, etc. Zhongdiwang has compiled the grafting method for jujube trees using chip budding, and the steps are listed in detail below for netizens...
How to graft a jujube tree? What good grafting techniques are there for jujube trees? Is there any netizen who can help explainThere are many grafting methods for jujube trees, and the commonly used grafting methods mainly include: cleft grafting, side grafting, bark insertion grafting, cut grafting and soft shoot bud grafting, etc. Zhongdiwang has compiled the grafting method for jujube trees using chip budding, and the steps are listed in detail below for netizens' reference.
Step 1. Preparation of jujube tree grafting tools:
For grafting jujube trees, you need to prepare pruning shears, a grafting knife and plastic strips.
Step 2. Collection and storage of jujube tree grafting scions:
Spring and summer grafting of jujube trees: For spring grafting, the scions should preferably be prepared before the end of March. Collect well-developed, pest-free and disease-free one-year-old jujube head branches from a mother tree orchard of superior varieties, cut off the secondary branches (leave 2 cm long), and store them in a cool, moist place, buried in moist sand. They can also be stored in a cellar less than 4 m deep or lowered into a well (below 7°C). In this way, the scions can be stored until late June to early July.
Autumn grafting of jujube trees: For autumn grafting, current-year lignified branches can be collected, and the secondary branches and leaves should be removed immediately, using them as soon as they are collected. If short-term storage is needed, they can be placed in a container holding 10 cm of clean water and lowered into a well 0.5-1 m above the water surface or placed in a cellar.
Step 3. Operation methods for jujube tree grafting:
1. Cutting off a jujube tree bud patch with wood:Use pruning shears to cut off the remaining stub of the previously retained secondary branch 1-2 mm above the lateral bud of the jujube tree, and remove the thorns at the same time. When cutting the bud, hold the branch above the selected main bud with one hand, hold the knife with the other hand, and at the intersection of the secondary branch and the primary branch, push the first cut smoothly from top to bottom, about 3.5-4 cm long; this is the long cut surface. Then 0.5 cm above the end of the first cut, make the second cut diagonally downward horizontally, cutting to the junction with the first cut, with an angle of 30 degrees; this is the short cut surface.
If the jujube tree scion is too thick, longitudinal stripe-like protrusions may sometimes appear on the long cut surface. It can be turned over and the protruding part carefully cut off so that the long cut surface becomes smooth.
2. Treatment method for the jujube tree grafting rootstock:For spring and summer grafting, cut the rootstock at 20 cm above the ground on the jujube tree, and remove the secondary branches and thorns above it. For autumn grafting, there is no need to cut the rootstock in the same year; remove the secondary branches and thorns below 20-50 cm on the lower part of the jujube seedling. At 10 cm above the ground on the jujube tree, choose a flat and smooth surface. Hold the rootstock with one hand and push the first cut downward at a slant with the other hand, slightly longer than the long cut surface of the grafted bud and the same width as the grafted bud. Then 0.5 cm above the end point of the cut, make the second cut diagonally horizontally, the same as the short cut surface of the scion. Remove the rootstock piece.
3. Grafting operation:Quickly insert the removed jujube tree bud patch into the rootstock cut so that the lower slant opening and the cambium on the left and right sides align. Use a plastic film strip with good elasticity, strong tensile strength and good softness to wrap tightly from bottom to top, leaving the bud body exposed.
Step 4. Management of grafted jujube tree seedlings:
For spring-grafted seedlings, when the jujube head branch or jujube hanging shoot grows to 3-10 cm, perform a second cutting of the rootstock 1 cm above the grafted bud, and apply paint or grafting wax to protect the wound. For jujube seedlings grafted in autumn, cut the rootstock in the spring of the following year. Other management techniques are the same as for general jujube seedlings. This method is suitable for nursery fields, top grafting to change the head, and changing wild sour jujube to improved large jujube varieties, etc.
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