Detailed Explanation of Techniques and Methods for Flower and Fruit Retention in Lychee
How to retain flowers and fruits in lychee? What methods can make lychee bear more fruit? We also ask experienced netizens to help introduce methods. To achieve good yields in lychee, it is necessary to do a good job in flower and fruit retention. Therefore, Zhongdi Network has compiled management methods for flower and fruit retention in lychee, listed in detail below for netizens' reference....
How to retain flowers and fruits in lychee? What methods can make lychee bear more fruit? We also ask experienced netizens to help introduce methodsTo achieve good yields in lychee, it is necessary to do a good job in flower and fruit retention. Therefore, Zhongdi Network has compiled management methods for flower and fruit retention in lychee, listed in detail below for netizens' reference.
I. Methods for strengthening flowers and retaining flowers in lychee
1. Apply flower-strengthening fertilizer to lychee in a timely manner: Flower-strengthening fertilizer is generally applied when the lychee flower panicle emerges and flower buds are visible (also called fertilizing upon seeing flowers). The amount of fertilizer applied depends on the number of flowers formed and the vigor of the lychee tree. Generally, for each tree surface producing 50 kg, apply 1 kg of compound fertilizer plus 0.2-0.5 kg of urea, or apply 0.5 kg each of urea, superphosphate, and potassium chloride. In addition, about 20 days before flowering, spray the leaves with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, or 1000 times Lvwang No. 1 (high potassium) plus 0.05% borax, which can promote flower panicle development.
2. Reasonably control lychee flower panicles: Based on experiments in previous years, flower panicles that emerge early and excessively long flower panicles generally have poor flower quality, a lower proportion of female flowers, and a low fruit-setting rate. Especially for varieties with large flower panicles (such as Feizixiao), it is necessary to reasonably regulate and control the amount of flowers and flower quantity to improve the fruit-setting rate.
Method 1. Artificial short pruning of flower panicles: Short pruning of flower panicles can reduce flower quantity and improve flower quality. The severity of short pruning of flower panicles depends on the variety. For varieties with strong panicle regeneration ability and easy emergence of secondary flower panicles, such as Feizixiao and Sanyuehong, pruning can be heavier.
Method 2. Drugs used to control panicles include lychee high-yield hormone, ethephon, etc., to control flower panicles.
Method 3. Prevent and control pests and diseases. The main pests and diseases harming lychee flower panicles include lychee stink bug, lychee eriophyid mite, inchworm, aphid, and lychee downy blight. Control can be carried out with drugs such as Lorsban, Comite, imidacloprid, Miebaike, trichlorfon, Yalike, and Ridomil MZ, Sandofan, Daconil M-45, metalaxyl, etc.
II. Key management points during the flowering period of lychee
Key point 1. Release bees for pollination. Generally, one box of bees is required for every 3-5 mu.
Key point 2. Artificial supplementary pollination. The commonly used artificial assisted pollination method is: use a wet towel to gently shake back and forth on the panicles of newly opened male flowers to collect pollen, then place the towel in clean water, repeating many times, so that the pollen suspension becomes a pale yellow turbid liquid, which is then sprayed onto female flowers. Notes for artificial pollination: First, it should be carried out on sunny days with a temperature above 16°C; second, the prepared pollen liquid cannot be left for more than 20 minutes, otherwise the pollen loses vitality and the pollination effect is affected.
Key point 3. Spray water in dry weather to prevent flower drop.
Key point 4. Shake trees in rainy weather to prevent flower rot.
III. Methods for retaining fruits and strengthening fruits in lychee
Method 1. Fertilize to strengthen fruits and retain fruits. Because lychee flowering consumes a large amount of nutrients from the tree, in order to ensure the nutrients needed for fruit growth and development, fruit-strengthening fertilizer should be applied in a timely manner from after flower drop to when young fruits are the size of mung beans. The amount of fertilizer applied should be determined according to tree vigor and fruit load. At the same time, attention should be paid to foliar topdressing.
Method 2. Fruit retention by girdling. For vigorously growing trees, start girdling 10-15 days after female flowers drop. Carry it out on large branches 4-6 cm thick, cutting one ring deep to the xylem. Do not girdle weak trees. (3) Apply plant growth regulators to retain fruits. When fruits are the size of mung beans, use 20 mg/L gibberellin to retain fruits.
Method 3. Strengthen water management in lychee to retain fruits. Irrigate during drought; when temperature is high and sunlight is strong, spray water on the canopy; when there is excessive rain and water accumulation, drain promptly.
Method 4. Timely prevent and control pests and diseases to retain fruits. The main diseases during the lychee fruit development period include lychee downy blight, lychee sooty mold, and lychee anthracnose. The main pests include lychee fruit borer, lychee stink bug, lychee small gray butterfly, etc. Emphasis should be placed on pest and disease control during the young fruit stage of lychee.
Methods for preventing fruit cracking in Feizixiao lychee
Management methods for lychee after picking