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New High-Yield Cultivation Technique for Soybeans: "Four Changes and One Addition"
With the traditional tillage and sowing method for growing soybeans, the rows are narrow and the plants too dense, and combined with various other reasons, yields have long hovered around 100-150 kg. Through years of experimental research, we have worked out a new approach that can increase soybean yields by more than 40%, namely the "Four Changes and One Addition" technique. The usual measures for raising soybean yields, besides selecting new high-quality, high-yield varieties, also include paying attention to crop rotation. According to experiments, after many years of continuous cropping, soybeans show slow growth, short plants, yellowing lower leaves, early leaf drop, and few pods with small seeds. Experiments have also proven that continuous cropping (monocropping) for more than 3 years can reduce yields by 20%-30%, or even more, and 2 years of continuous cropping following a one-year break can reduce yields by more than 30%. Therefore, crop rotation and changing to a different crop are of great significance in soybean production. To achieve high-yield and super-high-yield soybean cultivation, the new "Four Changes and One Addition" cultivation technique should be implemented on this basis. The specific methods of "Four Changes and One Addition" are:
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Zhonghuang 13, the new high-yield soybean variety with the largest promotion area
The new high-yield soybean variety "Zhonghuang 13", supported by the national "Institute Directors Fund" (basic research operating expenses for public welfare research institutes), has now become the soybean variety with the largest promotion area in China, reaching a record 10.87 million mu in 2007. Zhonghuang 13 (National Approved Soybean 2001009) was bred under the leadership of the famous Chinese soybean breeder, Researcher Wang Lianzheng of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and was recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture as a national key soybean variety for three consecutive years from 2005 to 2007. It was developed by sexual hybridization using Yudou 8 as the female parent and Zhongzuo
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Detailed Explanation of Key Points for High-Yield Cultivation Techniques of Angelica sinensis
Angelica sinensis, also known as Qin Gui, Minshan Gui, Xi Danggui, and Yun Gui, contains various volatile oils, with main components including n-butylidene phthalide, ligustilide, carvacrol, angelica aromatic ketone, palmitic acid, sesquiterpene A, B, etc. The root is used as medicine, and it has the effects of regulating menstruation and relieving pain, moistening dryness and lubricating the intestines, and breaking blood stasis to promote regeneration. It is a commonly used gynecological remedy in traditional Chinese medicine. With the continuous development of China's traditional Chinese medicine industry and the worldwide "traditional Chinese medicine fever," the demand for Chinese medicinal materials is increasing day by day. As a bulk commonly used Chinese medicinal material, Angelica sinensis has an extremely broad market prospect and is a new path for farmers in the high-altitude mountainous areas of Yunnan Province to escape poverty and become prosperous.
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Angelica sinensis with shade net coverage: high yield increase and quality improvement benefits
The shade cultivation technique for Angelica sinensis starts from the three-leaf stage of its growth (that is, from mid-May to early August after summer begins, when temperatures are high and light is intense). A shade net with a 50% shading rate is timely placed over Angelica sinensis, providing a suitable micro-environment of moderate temperature, weak light, and moisture that mimics its original ecological growing conditions. By lowering temperature, increasing humidity, and reducing light, it reduces the early bolting rate of Angelica sinensis in dry flatland cultivation to about 30%; moreover, shade cultivation of Angelica sinensis also helps prevent and reduce pest and disease damage, thus improving the quality of Angelica sinensis.
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Key Technical Points for High-Yield and High-Efficiency Off-Season Cultivation of Oyster Mushrooms
Oyster mushrooms can be cultivated all year round, but those cultivated in the high-temperature season yield the highest returns. The reasons: First, high summer temperatures make cultivation technically difficult, and pests and diseases occur easily, often leading to cultivation failure. Second, the total cultivation area of oyster mushrooms in summer decreases, and total output is small, causing a shortage of fresh oyster mushrooms@#@125@#@ on the market and driving prices up. Based on years of cultivation practice at our edible fungi research center, as long as the key technical points are grasped and some necessary scientific management methods are adopted, oyster mushroom cultivation can still achieve high yield and high efficiency. The key cultivation and management technical points are introduced below:
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Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for High-Yield Cultivation and Management of Agaricus bisporus
I. Cultivation Season In the Weibei Dry Belt region, where temperature differences are large, air humidity is low, and seasons change quickly, sowing can be done earlier, scheduled from mid-August to early September. In the Guanzhong Plain area, it is scheduled from late August to mid-September. Of course, mushroom growers with cave dwellings or fruit cellars can pile and ferment right after the wheat straw harvest, sow by the end of July, and harvest by late August. After the corn stalks are harvested, once the corn stalks are dry, a second round of sowing can be carried out, using cut corn stalks + cow dung, sowing from December to January, overwintering, and starting to produce mushrooms in March of spring
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Detailed Explanation of High-Yield Cultivation Technology for Agaricus bisporus in Mushroom House Shelf System
For several years, the author has been exploring high-yield cultivation technology for Agaricus bisporus (button mushroom) in mushroom house shelf systems and has gained some successful experience. The relevant techniques are summarized below for reference by peers. 1 Mushroom house and shelf structure The mushroom house is 19.6 m long from east to west, 9 m wide from north to south, with front and rear walls 2.5 m high and gable walls 3.5 m high. The walls are built with bricks and lime mortar. The outside is pointed with cement; the inside is first coated with lime mortar and then brushed with lime mortar. The front and rear walls have 4 ventilation windows of 25 cm x 20 cm each, arranged in upper and lower rows facing the aisle, with the first ventilation window 20 cm above the ground. The front
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Mushrooms can achieve increased yields with traditional fertilization methods
Applying mushroom soup. Collect and wash the mushroom bases and broken mushrooms cut off during harvesting and processing, cut them into thin slices, add 1-1.5 kg of water per kg and boil for 15 minutes, take the filtrate and dilute it with water to 10-15 kg, and spray it on 30-40 sq m of mushroom beds. Applying it at the peak of fruiting can make the fruiting bodies thick and fleshy and extend the peak fruiting period. Spraying plant ash. Soak 25 kg of plant ash in 50 kg of water, filter it, and spray it to prevent mushrooms from turning red. Spraying chemical fertilizer solution. Take 0.1%-0.2% urea solution, every
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High-yield cultivation technique for three successive crops intercropped in jujube orchards
The jujube tree (Ziziphus jujuba) has relatively strong growth adaptability and is a tree species that prefers warmth and light. When the spring temperature reaches 13-15°C, it begins to sprout branches; when the monthly average temperature is above 17°C, flower buds begin to differentiate; when it is above 2O°C, it flowers; the suitable temperature for fruit ripening is 18-22°C; when the temperature drops to 15°C, it begins to shed leaves. Because of its characteristics of late sprouting, early leaf fall, and little shading, it is suitable for intercropping with grain, cotton, and vegetables, and the economic benefits are very considerable. The following introduces the high-yield technique for interplanting three successive crops in one year in a jujube orchard. 1. Key points of jujube cultivation techniques
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Key Technical Points for Pollution-Free, High-Yield Potato Cultivation
In recent years, with the adjustment of the agricultural planting structure and the development of high-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency agriculture, the potato planting area in our city has continued to increase. For this reason, the author and researchers from the Laiwu City Institute of Agricultural Sciences conducted research on pollution-free, high-yield, high-efficiency model cultivation techniques for potatoes, summarized pollution-free spring planting and autumn delayed cultivation techniques for potatoes, and successfully achieved a bumper harvest in pollution-free spring planting and autumn delayed cultivation of potatoes. The yield and efficiency increases were significant. The main techniques are summarized as follows. 1. Overview of the experimental site: Fengcheng Subdistrict, Laiwu City, Shandong Province, is an important pollution-free potato production base in central Shandong.
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