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Analysis of Limiting Factors in Cotton Production and Countermeasures (Part 2)
7. Main symptoms of premature senescence: First, after the peak boll-setting period of cotton, the leaves show interveinal chlorosis and yellowing; the yellowing leaves begin at the point farthest from the main stem and develop from top to bottom and from outside to inside, and the leaves gradually dry up and fall off. Second, in the late growth stage of cotton, the leaves turn red and lose their function of producing nutrients. The earlier the premature senescence of cotton appears, the more severe the yield reduction. Causes: First, the soil is poor and the soil fertility is insufficient. The soil nutrients cannot meet the requirements of cotton growth and development; second, fertilization is insufficient. In particular, potassium fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer are insufficient, and some cotton farmers fear that when the amount of nitrogen applied is large, it will cause
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Key technical points for mid-season management of cotton during the Major Heat solar term
Focus on promoting growth, combining promotion with control, achieve control of large seedlings, promotion of small seedlings, and supplementation of weak seedlings, promote the transformation of weak seedlings, achieve balanced growth of strong seedlings, and build a high-yield framework early. Scientific fertilizer and water management: First, apply bud fertilizer early and steadily. For weak seedlings, apply bud fertilizer early and steadily, generally applying 5-7 kg of urea per mu, and 25-50 kg each of cake fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer. Second, apply flower and boll fertilizer early and heavily. Generally in late early July, when 1~2 large bolls appear on the lower part of the cotton plant, carry out topdressing, applying 15~20 kg of urea per mu. Third, supplement with topping fertilizer.
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Common Problems and Countermeasures in Autumn Potato Planting
The autumn potato growing period is very short, management is relatively simple, and the economic benefit is relatively high, making it a crop favored by vegetable growers in many potato-producing areas. However, some problems currently puzzle producers. 1. Low yield Autumn potatoes generally yield about 1000 kg per mu, and high-yielding ones can reach more than 1500 kg. Apart from weather reasons, the low yield is mainly due to viruses carried by the seed. Most autumn potatoes use edible commercial potatoes from spring production fields as seed potatoes, and many seed potatoes have already clearly been infected with
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Be careful when dosing pigs: determine whether the tube is in the esophagus or the trachea
When a pig falls ill, it often has a reduced appetite or even stops eating, which makes forced manual dosing difficult. So how can this problem be solved? First, hold the sick pig firmly so it stands or lies on its side. Then, use a mouth gag to pry the pig's mouth open, and quickly pass a stomach tube along the tongue, through the base of the tongue, and into the esophagus. Once you have confirmed the stomach tube is in the correct position, inject the pre-dissolved medicine, and after dosing, pump a small amount of air into the tube to empty any remaining medicine from it. Finally, quickly withdraw the stomach tube. Pay special attention
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What are the difficulties in cultivating Schisandra chinensis? A complete analysis of practical countermeasures
Cultivating Schisandra chinensis artificially to replace wild resources has already become an inevitable trend in the development of the Schisandra chinensis industry. Many difficulties have also emerged in the production process of artificially planting Schisandra chinensis, and these difficulties have seriously hindered the path of Schisandra chinensis production toward intensive, large-scale, and industrialized development, and are also the fundamental reason for the current lack of large-scale successful experience in artificially cultivating Schisandra chinensis. Regarding the harm caused by pests and diseases, pesticide residues, and drift. The overall countermeasure is: adhere to the three principles of prevention, mitigation, and treatment. Prevention: in the process of Schisandra chinensis cultivation, consistently implement the policy of placing greater emphasis on prevention than on treatment, act early to seize the initiative. Take preventive measures before trouble arises and avoid being passive. In recent years, due to consecutive warm winters, the development of Schisandra chinensis has advanced, so all agronomic measures must also be carried out earlier. Among the 24 solar terms, after Awakening of Insects, Schisandra chinensis should be protected according to local phenological conditions. To prevent certain fungi in the atmosphere from attaching to the stems and vines of Schisandra chinensis, the specific measure is to spray Bordeaux mixture, prepared with equal amounts of quicklime and copper sulfate, one part each, and 200 parts water. After Schisandra chinensis leafs out, promptly spray broad-spectrum fungicides and foliar fertilizers, Bihu + polyoxins + fulvic acid. Mitigation: if nearby farmland is sprayed with butyl ester pesticides, we must take targeted measures and spray mitigating agents, or spray foliar fertilizers to improve immunity. At this stage, prevention should focus mainly on leaf blight. Spray pesticides against Deuteromycota fungi. Treatment: if diseases still occur when protective and mitigating measures are ineffective, apply the right remedy for the condition. Carry out timely treatment. Strictly prevent the loss of the optimal prevention and treatment timing, which causes losses. For the treatment of several common diseases, please follow the methods in the Schisandra chinensis pest and disease section below. Keep firmly in mind the lesson of the large-scale damage to Schisandra chinensis in Heilongjiang in 2007, and never allow the tragic situation to repeat itself.
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What to Do When Chicken Immunization Is Ineffective? Cause Analysis and Countermeasures
Now many chicken farmers generally report the following problems: (1) The flock is fine when not vaccinated, but as soon as they are vaccinated, the flock breaks out with disease. (2) Sometimes the flock breaks out with disease before they have even been vaccinated. (3) No matter what measures are taken, the immune effect of the vaccine is always poor. Why do these problems occur? The reason is that the chickens' immune organs have been damaged. After the immune organs of chickens are damaged, the body's resistance to bacterial and viral infections declines, and the flock is very prone to large outbreaks of various epidemic diseases, bringing huge economic losses to the poultry industry. So
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Why do continuous and alternating soybean cropping reduce yields? Cause analysis and countermeasures
With China's accession to the WTO and the opening-up policies of the grain market, the problem of continuous and alternating soybean cropping has become increasingly serious, and the yield reduction increases as the number of consecutive cropping years rises. According to surveys and research, alternating cropping reduces yield by 6.1%, one year of continuous cropping by 9.9%, two years of continuous cropping by 13.8%, and three years of continuous cropping by 19.0%. Moreover, in continuous and alternating cropping soybeans, the 100-seed weight decreases, the rate of diseased seeds and insect-damaged seeds increases, and commercial quality drops significantly. With long-term continuous cropping of more than 3 years, the protein content of soybeans increases markedly while the fat content decreases markedly. According to research by scientific research departments
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Analysis of the problems existing in the development of the eel industry and the countermeasures and suggestions
I. Seedlings and fingerlings The main species farmed for eel in China are the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) and the European eel (Anguilla anguilla). The resources of both the European eel... have already approached exhaustion, with annual production falling from 3,000 tons 30 years ago to 100-200 tons. From June 3 to 15, 2007, at the Conference of the Parties to the "Washington Convention" (CITES) held in the Netherlands, the European eel was listed in Appendix II of the Convention on Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, and this will be formally implemented starting in January 2009: China imports about 60 tons, or about 150 million individuals, of European eel seedlings and fingerlings annually, and farmed European eel accounts for more than 1/3 of eel production, while European eel accounts for about 40% of exported roasted eel. Japanese eel resources have also severely declined. In recent years, the seedling and fingerling resources of Japanese eel in Asia have remained at about 100 tons, and the annual catch in recent years has remained at 80-100 tons. In 2008, the output of European eel seedlings and fingerlings was about 90 tons, half of a normal year. The output of Japanese eel seedlings and fingerlings was about 35 tons, one third of a normal year. The severe shortage of seedling and fingerling resources has led to soaring prices. Moreover, artificial breeding of eel seedlings and fingerlings will not be able to form production capacity in the near future.
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What to do when white ants (termites) infest Ganoderma lucidum?
The white ant (Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki), also known as the termite or house termite, belongs to the class Insecta, order Isoptera. 1. Morphology and habits: Each colony contains three morphological forms and different functional types of termites. The large-winged ant (a type of reproductive ant), also called the flying ant, has a body length of 7.5-8.5 mm, wing length of 11 mm, a nearly round brown head, inconspicuous secretory pores, and 21 antennal segments. The thorax and abdomen are yellowish-brown. The wings are grayish-white and transparent, with the wings and front margins pale yellowish-brown. The soldier ant has a body
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How to make watermelon rind taste good? The method for making licorice watermelon rind strips
Watermelon rind is rich in carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins, and has effects such as clearing heat and detoxifying, and promoting urination. The following introduces the technique for making licorice watermelon rind strips: Cut into strips. Thoroughly wash fresh watermelon rind with clean water, drain off the water, remove the green outer skin and the red flesh, then use a stainless steel knife to cut the watermelon rind into strips 0.2 cm wide and 6 cm long. Salting. First mix sodium benzoate and table salt, in amounts of 0.1% and 10% of the weight of the watermelon rind strips respectively. Then, in a container, salt in the order of one layer of watermelon rind and one layer of mixed salt, with a somewhat larger amount of mixed salt on the topmost layer. The salting time is generally 24 to 48 hours. Rinsing. Put the salted watermelon rind strips into a container holding clean water, changing the water once every 1 hour, until the salt content in the watermelon rind strips drops to 1% (the salt content is tested with a handheld salinity refractometer). Sugar processing. Put the rinsed watermelon rind strips into a bamboo basket and drain off the water. Then, in a container, process with sugar in the order of one layer of watermelon rind strips and one layer of sucrose. The amount of sucrose used is 20% of the fresh watermelon rind strips, and the sugar processing time is 24 to 48 hours. Baking. Take out the sugar-processed watermelon rind, drain off the sugar liquid thoroughly, arrange it evenly on a baking tray, send it into the drying room, and bake at 65 to 70 degrees C until the moisture content of the watermelon rind is 25%. Auxiliary ingredient formula. Calculated per 100 kg of fresh watermelon rind strips, prepare the auxiliary ingredients: sodium saccharin 0.05 kg, monosodium glutamate 0.2 kg, citric acid 0.05 kg, table salt 0.5 kg, potassium sorbate 0.01 kg. Soaking the auxiliary ingredients. Place the dried watermelon rind strips in a container. Dissolve the auxiliary ingredients according to the formula in licorice water, pour into the container, and mix the watermelon rind strips thoroughly from top to bottom. On the second day, mix from top to bottom another 1 to 2 times, leave for 2 days, take out the watermelon rind strips and bake them. The licorice aqueous solution is made by boiling 4 kg of licorice and 25 kg of water per 100 kg of fresh watermelon rind strips, and filtering it. Baking. Evenly arrange the watermelon rind strips that have been soaked with auxiliary ingredients on a baking tray, and send them into the drying room for baking. It is suitable to control the drying room temperature at 60 to 65 degrees C. During baking, turn them several times, and when the moisture content of the product drops to about 25%, the baking is finished. Mixing in licorice powder. Cool the watermelon rind strips at room temperature. Mix licorice powder (used in an amount of 0.1% of the fresh watermelon rind strips) into the watermelon strips, and mix evenly to obtain the finished product.
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