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What are the key points of high-yield cultivation techniques for oil tea?
Oil tea (Latin name Camellia oleifera Abel.), also known as tea seed tree, tea oil tree, white flower tea; oil tea belongs to the tea family (Theaceae), an evergreen small tree. It is named for its seeds, which can be pressed for oil (tea oil) for food. Tea oil is clear in color and fragrant in taste, rich in nutrients and resistant to storage; it is a high-quality
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Sugarcane borers cause great damage; how can they be controlled scientifically?
Sugarcane (scientific name: Saccharum officinarum) belongs to the genus Saccharum and is a perennial tall solid herb. Its rhizomes are thick and well developed. The stalks are 3-5 (-6) m tall. It is widely cultivated in tropical southern regions such as Taiwan, China, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Sichuan and Yunnan. Sugarcane
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Detailed Explanation of Year-Round Cultivation Techniques for Pure-Fragrant Leaf Lettuce
Pure-Fragrant leaf lettuce produced by the Vegetable Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences has been planted in Chuanshan Township, Qixing District for more than three years. This variety has strong adaptability, a crisp and fragrant taste, good quality, and a high market price, and is deeply loved by farmers and consumers. The year-round cultivation techniques for leaf lettuce are summarized as follows.
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Detailed Explanation of the Latest Scientific Cultivation Techniques for Greenhouse Chili Peppers
1. Seedling raising. 1.1. Seedbed preparation: Seedlings can be raised using sunny beds, greenhouses, small arched tunnels, solar greenhouses, and other methods. The seedbed area should preferably be 25-30 sq m per mu (two beds 12-15 m long and 1.2 m wide). Seedbed preparation and nutrient soil mixing are the opposite of flue-cured tobacco seedling methods; sheep manure, human feces and urine, and undecomposed barnyard manure must not be used for raising seedlings. Block seedling raising is commonly used, and plastic nutrient pots are best. The specification for block seedling raising is 7-8 cm long and wide (160-200 blocks per sq m), with 2 strong seedlings retained per block, and a bed soil thickness of 10 cm. Use 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate-methyl 50-75 g diluted in water to irrigate the seedbed for soil disinfection. Use 50% isofenphos-methyl or 90% trichlorfon crystal 100 g diluted in water and sprinkle on the seedbed to prevent underground pest damage. Irrigate each bed with 4-5 gasoline drums of water, in two applications, with the final watering on the day of harvest.</p><p>1.2. Seed treatment: For cultivation by transplanting seedlings, 100-150 g of chili pepper seed is needed per mu. Before sowing, soak the seeds in warm water at 50-54°C (two parts boiling water and one part cold water) for 10-15 minutes, or soak in 1% copper sulfate solution for 5 minutes, then rinse clean with clear water, and place in a 25-30°C environment to germinate for 3-5 days. Sowing can only begin after 40% of the seeds have "sprouted".</p><p>1.3. Sowing: The chili pepper seedling stage generally requires 60-80 days. The best seedling raising period in our city is from the end of February to early March, and no later than March 10. Use block seedling raising with precision sowing, then cover with 1 cm of soil, and promptly cover with film to retain heat. Sown seeds must meet the seed treatment standard; it is absolutely not allowed to sow after soaking only, or after soaking without germination, or with germination below 40%. Sowing seeds is best done at noon on sunny days, avoiding rain and snow.</p><p>1.4. Seedbed management: After emergence, the temperature inside the seedbed should be 23-27°C during the day and 14-15°C at night. For block seedling raising and nutrient pot seedling raising, retain 2 strong seedlings per block (pot). When seedlings have 2-3 true leaves, spray with thiophanate-methyl 1000x solution or iprodione 800-1000x solution, or propamocarb 400-600x solution, to prevent the spread of chili pepper phytophthora blight and other diseases. After seedling recovery, control the daytime temperature at 23-27°C and nighttime temperature at 14-15°C. Reduce temperature appropriately and control water to harden seedlings 15 days before transplanting.</p><p></p><p><strong>2. Transplanting</strong></p><p>2.1. Fertilization and land preparation: For chili pepper land, continuous cropping plots should be avoided as much as possible. Deep plow the land before winter, and harrow and rake in early spring to preserve soil moisture. In combination with spring plowing, apply per mu in holes or furrows 25-50 kg of superphosphate, 5-10 kg of potassium sulfate, or 15-20 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 5000 kg of fully decomposed farmyard manure. Form ridges with a ridge width of 1.1 m, ridge height of 10-15 cm, and ridge surface width of 60 cm.</p><p>2.2. Timely transplanting: For open-field cultivation with plastic film mulching, transplanting should be carried out from late April to early May after the last frost. Transplant in double rows with wide rows 60 cm, narrow rows 50 cm, and hole spacing 30 cm, with 2 plants per hole in a “pin” shape, with about 8000 plants per mu. If drought occurs during transplanting, transplant with water to increase the survival rate. Before transplanting, spray thiophanate-methyl or propamocarb, etc., to prevent disease spread.</p><p><strong>3. Field management</strong></p><p>After transplanting, promptly remove weeds in the field and strengthen fertilizer and water management and pest and disease control. Apply less nitrogen fertilizer at the seedling stage; appropriately increase the amount of fertilizer at the bud stage, but nitrogen fertilizer should not be excessive or too rapid, to prevent lodging, flower drop, and excessive vegetative growth in the early stage; apply a small amount of topdressing during the fruiting stage. Generally, apply topdressing once after each harvest. The specific method is to mix 10 kg of urea and 20 kg of superphosphate extract per mu with 40-50 kg of water, and inject into holes 20 cm from the plants, or use 0.2 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with 20-30 kg of water for foliar spraying, to promote early reflowering, early fruit setting, and early red ripening.</p><p><strong>4. Pest and disease control</strong></p><p>The main diseases of chili pepper are: viral disease, phytophthora blight, anthracnose, damping-off, and luxuriant growth disease. The main pests are: aphids, fruit borers, etc. 1. Aphids: spray with trisodium phosphate plus washing powder 500x solution; or spray with 2.5% kung fu emulsifiable concentrate 2000-4000x solution; 2. Phytophthora blight and anthracnose: spray with 65% zineb wettable powder 500x solution, 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000x solution, or irrigate with 50% carbendazim 800x solution; 3. If focal diseased plants appear in the field, irrigate the roots with 50% metalaxyl wettable powder 250x solution or 0.3% copper sulfate to block and control the disease foci.</p><p><strong>5. Harvesting chili peppers</strong></p><p>Because the ways of eating chili peppers differ, the harvesting standards also differ. Fresh-eating green peppers should be harvested when the fruit is fully expanded and set in shape; red peppers for pickling and drying should be harvested when the fruit is 70% ripe. The methods for drying chili peppers include: natural drying method. That is, bundle them into strings while harvesting, and put them on racks to air-dry naturally.</p><p>Use manual picking. The tools used during harvesting and the containers and packaging materials must be clean and hygienic, and must not cause contamination of organic chili peppers; store separately from other vegetables, and achieve separate harvesting, separate transport, and separate storage to prevent mixing; chili peppers for market must be fresh, clean, and free of insect spots and disease spots.
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How to Scientifically Cultivate and Manage Walnut Trees? Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points
1. Site selection and planting: Walnuts are suitable for growing in warm areas with deep soil layers and good drainage on sandy loam and black loam soils, and are best planted on sunny slopes and in sheltered locations. Newly planted young trees need sufficient water and fertilizer, and should be sprayed with New High Lipid Film, which can ensure above-ground moisture evaporation, seedling moisture transpiration, and isolate
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A detailed guide to new sea buckthorn planting techniques, master the scientific cultivation method
Sea buckthorn, of the genus Hippophae in the family Elaeagnaceae, also known as sour willow and sour thorn, is a small berry plant, a deciduous shrub or sub-tree. 1. Site preparation: pit-style site preparation, with the pit surface 50 cm long and 40 cm wide, and a site preparation depth of 30 cm. The spacing between plants and rows is generally 1 m X 2 m or 1.5 m X 2 m.
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Detailed Explanation of Key Points of New Okra Cultivation Techniques
Okra (scientific name: Abelmoschus esculentus), also known as yellow okra and coffee okra, with the common names goat's horn bean and slippery eggplant, is called "foreign chili" by locals in Pingxiang in western Jiangxi Province, China. It prefers warmth, and its place of origin is near present-day Ethiopia in Africa as well as tropical Asia; it is not widely cultivated in China. Americans call it "plant gold golden okra," and it is a good medicine for lowering blood sugar. Yellow okra can be deep-processed into flower tea, beverages, capsules, dried vegetables, oil, and so on.
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A detailed explanation of new Polygonatum (Huangjing) planting techniques: master the scientific cultivation method
Many people perhaps do not know what Polygonatum is, and it is hard to tell what it is just from its name. In fact, it is a fairly common Chinese medicinal herb, with many uses in daily life, and it has many medicinal benefits for the human body. What is Polygonatum
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Detailed Explanation of Key Scientific Cultivation and Management Techniques for Strawberries
Every year when the Chinese New Year approaches, strawberries start appearing on the market. On weekends, gathering a few friends to go pick strawberries together is a very pleasant thing. Faced with such delicious strawberries, do you know how they are grown? Let's take a look below! The strawberry family
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A Detailed Explanation of the Key Technical Points of Scientific Watermelon Cultivation and Management
Summary Site selection: Ideally choose a sandy loam soil with deep soil layers, loose and fertile texture, and convenient drainage and irrigation. Land preparation and fertilization: Deep plow the watermelon field before winter to freeze the soil clods, and prepare the land in good time before transplanting. The base fertilizer should mainly be high-quality organic fertilizer and cake fertilizer. Planting: The seedling age is about 1 month, and planting takes place when 2-3 true leaves have grown.
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