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Comprehensive control methods for soybean root-knot nematode disease
Soybean root-knot nematode disease, also known as "Fire Dragon Seedling," is a whole-plant disease caused by nematodes attacking soybean roots, leading to bacterial infection and disease. Affected plants grow slowly, with short, small, and yellowing stems and leaves, delayed flowering, few and small pods, and shriveled seeds; in severe cases, no pods form, or even the entire plant dies. Soybean root-knot nematode disease spreads rapidly, and the pathogenic nematodes can survive in the soil for a long time. Once the disease occurs, it is very difficult to eradicate completely, so comprehensive control measures must be adopted: 1. Select and sow disease-resistant varieties; 2. Control the source of infection
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Detailed Explanation of Control Measures for 3 Soybean Diseases
Soybean root rot: This disease can occur and cause damage throughout the entire growth period of soybean, with yield reductions of 25%-75% or more. The protein content of affected seeds is significantly reduced. The main symptoms are dark brown lesions appearing at the base of the stem, spreading upward to varying degrees to the lower lateral branches, causing the pith of the diseased stem to turn brown, the base of the petiole to constrict, and the leaves to droop but not fall off. Chemical control mainly uses 58% ridomil manganese zinc or 72% curzate wettable powder, both applied as seed treatment at 0.3%-0.4% of seed weight. Soybean sclerotinia: Soybean sclerotinia
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How to preserve soybean flowers and increase pod set? A detailed explanation of chemical regulation management techniques
1. Applying rare earth. Rare earth is also called rare earth micro-fertilizer or rare earth nitrate, with the trade name Changle Yizhisu. It is a new type of rare earth element fertilizer first developed and promoted as a key project in China; at the soybean seedling stage and early flowering stage, spraying once each with rare earth solutions at concentrations of 0.03-0.04% and 0.08% respectively can increase grain protein content by 5.9%, fat content by 8.5%, and yield by 15%-20%. 2. Applying paclobutrazol. Paclobutrazol is also called chlorobutrazol, code PP333, and is a new type of plant growth
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Early prevention and control of soybean diseases: seize the opportunity to reduce yield losses
To achieve high yields in soybean, the main challenge is to properly manage the four aspects of "seed, water, fertilizer, and light." The "deep-narrow-dense" cultivation technique is a comprehensive high-yield supporting cultivation model formed on the basis of this principle. It takes the selection of dwarf varieties as the breakthrough point, uses air-suction seeders and general-purpose machines as the carrier, and combines "deep" (i.e., deep loosening, deep fertilization, and layered fertilization), "narrow" (i.e., narrow rows), and "dense" (i.e., increased planting density) into a comprehensive high-yield supporting technique. It is a cultivation technique that uses large seeders as the carrier. "Seed" means variety,
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Scientific use of chemical control technology in cotton can effectively increase yield
Scientific chemical control of cotton is an important scientific measure for increasing cotton yield. Chemical regulation technology has three benefits: first, it helps strong seedlings to develop early, controls height and stabilizes growth, making it easier to give play to the yield-increasing advantage; second, it simplifies cotton field management, saving labor and cost; third, it promotes the transformation of second- and third-grade cotton seedlings, achieving balanced development and increasing yield and efficiency. The principle of chemical control is "small amounts, many times; light control, frequent adjustment." One should master "spray every time, control every time" or "control once at every interval" (flexibly according to soil fertility, rainfall, and growth condition), and it is best to "divide the amount for one application into three applications," ensuring the plant grows steadily and robustly "strong but not excessive" from beginning to end. If chemical control is done poorly, it can cause excessive growth or stiff seedlings that do not develop, affecting the normal growth of cotton. Therefore, in the process of implementing chemical control, the dosage of the chemical control agent must be strictly controlled.
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Clever Fertilization in the Late Stage of Cotton: Disease Prevention and Yield Increase at the Same Time
In the late growth stage of cotton, the root system's ability to absorb nutrients declines noticeably, but if fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and boron are sprayed on the cotton leaves, they can prevent premature senescence, promote early maturity, prevent disease, prevent boll shedding and help set large bolls, with a significant yield-increasing effect. 1. Apply nitrogen fertilizer to prevent premature senescence: each time use 75-100 kg of 1% urea solution per mu, spray once every 5-7 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays, which can enhance leaf photosynthesis and prevent premature senescence and increase yield. 2. Apply phosphorus fertilizer to promote early maturity: in the late stage of cotton, spraying phosphorus fertilizer on the leaves,
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Spraying cotton with seven liquids can increase yield by 100 jin
According to many years of trials by our local agricultural science institute and cotton-grower science households, spraying the following nutrient liquids mixed with pesticide during pest control at different growth stages of cotton can effectively increase yield by 20%-30%. The methods are described below: 1. Chicken manure liquid: take 3 kg of fermented dry chicken manure, 2. add 7.5 kg of water, 3. soak for 30 hours, 4. then boil for 2-5, 3 hours, 6. filter out the residue, 7. then ferment again, 8. until white mold appears on the liquid surface, 9. filter out the white mold, 10. add 50 kg of water, 11. spray evenly on 1 mu of cotton field. 12. Rabbit manure liquid:
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Spraying cotton with fertilizer boosts yield and reduces pests and diseases
Spraying nitrogen fertilizer: Urea has the effect of destroying insect chitin. When cotton aphids (especially summer aphids) occur, mix urea, laundry detergent and water in a ratio of 4:1:400 to prepare a "wash-urea mixture" and spray it, which has a clear killing effect. Spraying phosphorus fertilizer: During the adult occurrence period of cotton bollworm, using 1%-2% superphosphate leachate as a foliar spray fertilizer can convert oxalic acid into calcium oxalate and cause it to lose its attraction to cotton bollworm. The residual effect of each phosphorus spray is generally 2-3 days. Spraying potassium fertilizer: Use 10 kg of plant ash, add 50 kg of water, soak
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How can cotton be given base fertilizer skillfully to increase yield?
For base fertilizer in cotton fields, first, apply more organic fertilizers of various kinds, or bio-organic compound fertilizers; second, achieve formula fertilization and balanced fertilization, applying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in a ratio of 3:1:3; third, for insect-resistant cotton, apply more potassium fertilizer, with no less than 15 kg per mu as base fertilizer, plus 0.5-0.7 kg of zinc fertilizer and 0.4 kg of Chilibor; fourth, apply fertilizer in an appropriate amount, and do not blindly pursue quantity; applying 25-30 kg per mu of high-content ternary compound fertilizer is sufficient; fifth, change broadcast application to furrow application or hole application, and the cotton seedling roots should maintain
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Key Technical Points for Pest and Disease Control During the Cultivation Period of Gastrodia elata
Gastrodia elata is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicinal herb. It is a special seed plant with no roots and no green leaves; it cannot nourish itself and must rely on symbiosis with Armillaria mellea to obtain nutrients for reproduction and growth. Therefore, cultivating Gastrodia elata differs from growing green plants, and three key steps must be managed according to its growth patterns. First, the cultivation of Armillaria mellea-infected wood; second, the selection and cultivation of Gastrodia elata seed tubers; third, the symbiotic cultivation of Gastrodia elata with Armillaria mellea. In all three production steps there is a chance of contamination by miscellaneous fungi, and if any step is done poorly, especially under unfavorable conditions, it will lead to failure in Gastrodia elata cultivation.
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