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Control Methods for Fusarium Root Rot in Soybean
Symptoms: Fusarium root rot is one of the common root rots in soybean. It mainly occurs at the seedling stage. The roots and stem base of diseased plants develop elliptical brown, elongated to irregular sunken spots, which later expand into large patches encircling the main root, and some damage the lateral roots. The fungus mainly damages the cortex, causing diseased seedlings to emerge very slowly, cotyledons to lose green color, and lateral roots and fibrous roots to be few; in the later stage the roots turn black and the epidermis rots, the diseased plants turn yellow and become stunted, and the lower leaves drop early. The diseased plants generally do not die, but they set fewer pods and the seeds are small. Control methods should adopt comprehensive measures with prevention as the priority. (1) Select resistant
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How to prevent and control soybean root rot? These methods you need to master
1. Choose disease-resistant varieties. 2. Rotate with non-host crops such as corn, foxtail millet, and sweet potato. 3. Apply farmyard manure, potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, etc. when sowing. 4. Apply metalaxyl granules when sowing so that soybean roots can absorb them to prevent root infection. 5. Before sowing, dress seeds with 35% metalaxyl powder at 0.3% of seed weight. 6. Strengthen field management, carry out timely deep plowing and intertillage hilling and weeding, and drain standing water promptly after rain to prevent excessive humidity. 7. When diseased plants are found, pull them out promptly, thoroughly remove the diseased plant residues, and apply quicklime to the planting holes and
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Comprehensive Prevention and Control Methods and Technical Key Points for Porcine Respiratory Disease Syndrome
This disease is characterized by occurring throughout the year, in an endemic pattern, affecting pigs of all ages, mostly at 13-20 weeks of age, with a course of 2-8 days and a relatively high mortality rate. Symptoms: affected pigs show elevated body temperature of 40.5°C-42°C, depression, reduced or absent appetite, difficulty breathing, sometimes coughing, pale visible mucous membranes, pale or purplish skin, constipation or diarrhea, abortion and stillbirth in pregnant sows, and neurological symptoms in suckling piglets with high mortality. Pathological necropsy: necropsy of 6 dead pigs and 2 severely ill
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Occurrence and Control Methods of the Black Velvet Chafer in Fengxiang County, Shaanxi
The black velvet chafer (commonly known as "louhu") has a body length of 7-8 mm, a blackish-brown or purplish-brown body color, and blackish-brown fine hairs on its body surface. It has one generation per year and overwinters as an adult. In April of the following year, it emerges and becomes active, then feeds on the leaves of weeds, poplar, willow, and elm trees. After crop seedlings emerge, it migrates to sunflowers, beans, and other crops to feed and cause damage. During the day, it hides in weeds and soil cracks. It mostly flies out in groups in the evening to cause damage, biting the tender leaves of willow, elm, and fruit trees, as well as the seedlings of crops such as alfalfa, sunflower, sweet potato, potato, and kidney bean. Adults have a death-feigning habit and phototaxis. From May to
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Symptom Identification and Control Methods of Rice Dwarf Disease
The symptoms are mainly distributed in the southern rice-growing areas. Also known as rice common dwarf disease, common dwarf, green dwarf, etc. After rice is infected from the seedling stage to the tillering stage, the plant becomes dwarfed, tillering increases, leaves are dark green and stiff, and in the later growth stage the diseased rice cannot head or set grain. Diseased leaf symptoms manifest as two types. In the white-spot type, dashed-line-like yellowish-white dotted streak spots parallel to the leaf veins appear on the leaves or leaf sheaths, most obvious at the base. The new leaves above the first diseased leaf all show dotted streaks, while the older leaves below generally do not. In the twisted type, under insufficient light conditions, the heart leaf emerges twisted
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Potato Disease Prevention and Control Methods and Cultivation Techniques
I. Late Blight (1) Conditions for Onset. Potato late blight, also known as blight or potato plague, is a devastating disease of potatoes. In plots that are low-lying, poorly drained, and have high field humidity, or in plots with excessive nitrogen fertilizer application, the disease tends to be severe. When temperature and humidity are suitable, late blight spreads rapidly, and diseased plants wither and die in patches. (2) Symptoms. On affected leaves, round or irregular dark green water-soaked spots first appear at the leaf tips and margins. After expanding, they become large brown lesions. When humidity is high, a ring of
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What are the control methods for the jujube gall midge?
Also known as the jujube bud maggot, it damages the tender buds and young leaves of jujube trees. This pest occurs early, has many generations, and a long damage period, greatly affecting the development of nursery stock and young trees as well as the fruiting of mature trees, and is one of the major leaf pests of jujube trees. In North China, this pest has 5-7 generations per year, overwintering as mature larvae in cocoons in the soil; in April of the following year the adults emerge and lay eggs, with the peak damage period in early May. Control methods: 1. Ground spraying: spray the ground with 5% trichlorfon powder or 25% phoxim 1000x solution, combined with turning the orchard soil, to kill the overwintering
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What to Do If Silkworms Do Not Spin Cocoons? Cause Analysis and Control Methods
I. Causes of silkworms not spinning cocoons: 1. Pathological factors. For example, pebrine and flacherie are prone to infection and disease before mounting, which destroys the silk gland secretion function of silkworms, or the pathogens produce large amounts of toxic metabolites in the silkworm body, paralyzing the silkworm's nerves and preventing them from spinning silk and forming cocoons; 2. Physiological factors. The first is abnormality of the middle silk gland, mainly caused by rearing temperature being too high or too low, leaf quality being too tender, secretory gland disorder, etc., causing silk gland abnormality and preventing spinning; the second is abnormality of the anterior silk gland, mainly because during rearing
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Identification and Control Methods for Tulip Gray Mold
Tulip, also known as Dutch lotus and grass musk, originated in the high mountain regions of Iran and Turkey, developing characteristics adapted to wet and cold winters and dry and hot summers. It prefers warm, humid conditions, with cool and slightly dry summers, and is suited to sandy loam rich in humus with good drainage. Tulip is an important spring bulbous flower; short and sturdy varieties are suitable for spring flower beds, bright and eye-catching. Tall-stemmed varieties are suitable for cut flowers or for configuring flower borders, and can also be planted in clusters at the edge of lawns. Medium and short varieties are suitable for potted cultivation, embellishing indoor environments and adding a joyful atmosphere.
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Symptoms and Control Methods of Tulip Bulb Rot Caused by Sclerotium tuliparum
Symptoms: The disease affects tulip seedlings and bulbs. In the early stage of the disease, the outer scales of the infected bulbs develop soft rot, and many white silky mycelial strands grow on the diseased parts and the nearby soil surface. In the later stage of the disease, many sclerotia form. The sclerotia are round or irregular in shape, initially white, later turning brown to black, with a lighter interior color and tightly packed tissue. After seedlings are infected, the small leaves die as soon as they emerge. Pathogen: The pathogen is Sclerotium tuliparum Kleb, belonging to the Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes.
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