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Symptoms and Control Methods of Tent Caterpillar Damage on Large Apricot and Flat Almond
It mainly damages leaves, and in severe cases the leaves of the entire tree are eaten bare. 1) Prune off branches bearing egg masses and destroy them in a centralized manner; 2) During the larval hatching period, spray Bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder at 800 times dilution.
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Tulip Cut Flower Bulb Rot: Symptoms and Control Methods
It is mainly spread through the bulbs, infecting new shoots during the sprouting process of tulips and causing disease in the above-ground parts. The optimum temperature for infection is 10°C to 15°C, which coincides with the early growth temperature of tulips. The disease occurs more frequently during the period from bulb sprouting to the unfolding of the first leaf, and can continue until flowering. In the early stage of the disease, the spots on the leaves appear water-soaked or grayish-white; in severe cases, the epidermis separates from the mesophyll, causing cracking that exposes the mesophyll, and yellow spots form on the bulbs. Control methods: promptly pull out and destroy infected plants, and broadcast agricultural streptomycin on the surrounding soil; seed bulbs should be
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Symptoms of Fusarium Wilt in Tulips and Its Control Methods
This disease is also called tulip basal rot. It is a fungal disease caused by Fusarium moniliforme and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tulipae, which has host specificity and only harms tulips. Both are caused by fungi of the Deuteromycetes class. The pathogen overwinters as mycelium and chlamydospores in infected bulbs and soil. Under suitable temperature (20°C-34°C) and high humidity conditions, it produces large numbers of spores, which spread by rain splash. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer can aggravate the damage, and applying compost that is not fully decomposed and contains diseased residues also increases the chance of disease occurrence. The transport of seed bulbs contributes to the long-distance spread of the disease. Planting infected bulbs
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Symptom Identification and Control Methods for Tulip Mosaic Virus
[Alias] Tulip soft rot. [Distribution] Tulip mosaic virus, like tulip breaking virus, is widely distributed. Sometimes the virus causes a mixed infection together with tulip breaking virus, resulting in severe mosaic. [Symptoms] Yellow stripes or fine speckled spots appear on tulip leaves, while dark spots form on the petals; in severe cases the leaves rot. [Pathogen] The pathogen causing tulip mosaic virus is cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), with spherical particles.
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What are the control methods for tulip black rot?
Symptoms: The bulb becomes diseased. On the stem plate and stem surface, and sometimes on the 2nd and 3rd scales, irregular lesions first appear yellowish-brown and later dark brown, with a rough surface. The pathogen is Pseudomonas andropogonis (Smith) Stapp, a Pseudomonas bacterium. The bacterial cells are rod-shaped, 1.9*0.8 micrometers in size, with 1 to 3 polar flagella. The optimum temperature for disease development is 20-25°C, with a minimum of 5°C. Transmission route: infected bulbs and diseased plant residues in the soil are the sources of infection. Control methods: try
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Symptoms of Tulip Sclerotium Rot and Its Control Methods
Tulip Sclerotium Rot, caused by a pathogen belonging to the genus Sclerotium of the fungi imperfecti, mainly affects seedlings and bulbs. After seedlings are infected, the leaflets wither and die as soon as they emerge. When bulbs are affected, the outer scales develop soft rot, and many white silky hyphae appear on the diseased parts and the nearby soil surface, later forming many rapeseed-like sclerotia. Subsequently many sclerotia form; the sclerotia are initially white and later turn brown. Disease pattern: This disease spreads via hyphae and sclerotia; the sclerotia overwinter in the soil, and under conditions of high temperature and high humidity, the disease occurs severely. Control: a. Storage
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Symptoms and Control Methods of Pythium Root Rot in Tulips
The disease can be caused by Pythium ultimum, Pythium irregulare, and Pythium intermedium, all of which are fungi belonging to the oomycetes. The pathogen overwinters in diseased bulbs, diseased roots, and soil, and often spreads with the movement of diseased soil. High soil temperature, delayed drainage after rain, and prolonged moisture retention make the disease more likely to occur. Symptoms: At the early stage of the disease, translucent water-soaked spots appear on the roots, and after expansion they cause browning of the vascular tissue, resulting in root rot. After the bulb is infected, gray spots appear around the base of the bulb with brown edges. In severe cases, the bulb becomes soft and rotted. Planting diseased bulbs
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What to Do When Straw Mushroom Mycelium Shrinks? Causes and Control Methods
1. Using inferior spawn: Spawn that is too old or too young, degenerated spawn, weak mycelial vitality, poor stress resistance, or spawn stored for a long time in environments with temperatures that are too low or too high can all lead to failure to germinate after spawning and shrinkage of mycelium in the spawn blocks. Control: Select spawn of the appropriate age and high quality, and ensure the temperature during the cultivation process does not get too low. 2. Improper control of compost temperature: When the air temperature is high, the compost is too thick, and the mushroom house has good insulation, the temperature inside the compost after spawning exceeds 42°C for an extended period, which causes mycelium to shrink and die, resulting in burning of the mycelium.
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What to Do About Excessive Vegetative Growth of Straw Mushroom Mycelium? Detailed Control Methods
During the mycelial growth stage of straw mushroom, a large amount of white fluffy aerial mycelium forms on the surface of the substrate, sometimes even growing into a white layer of mycelial mat, which delays fruiting and leads to low yields; the cause is excessively high temperature inside the compost heap. Control methods: after inoculating straw mushroom, regularly uncover the plastic film to ventilate and lower both temperature and humidity, and do not cover with too thick a layer of straw, so as to encourage the mycelium to grow into the substrate.
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Control Methods and Technical Key Points for Pests and Diseases of Asarum (Wild Ginger)
The main disease is sclerotinia rot, which mainly damages the roots. In the early stage, the base of the root becomes soft and rotting, with white filamentous substances visible, and gradually the aboveground leaves turn yellow, then lodge and die. Spray the leaves or drench the roots with a 500 to 1000 times dilution of 50% carbendazim. The main pest is the black hairy caterpillar, which generally appears in mid to late June. It damages the leaves, and in severe cases the leaves are completely eaten bare. Spray with a 1000 times dilution of dichlorvos or trichlorfon to kill them.
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