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How to Raise Parent Pigeons? A Full Analysis of Scientific Breeding Methods
Strengthen the breeding management of parent pigeons to increase egg production and fertilization rates. Below is an introduction to the problems and practices encountered in the breeding management of parent pigeons during the laying and brooding periods. 1. Prevent pigeons from laying unfertilized eggs, soft-shelled eggs and deformed eggs. In the early stage of laying, the number of unfertilized eggs will be somewhat higher, but the fertilization rate should still reach above 70%. Below this rate is abnormal, and you should check whether the pairing of the pigeons is reasonable, whether there are cases of all-male or all-female pairs, and whether health grit is supplied according to the formula and requirements. ⟦4 <p>Strengthen the breeding management of parent pigeons to increase egg production and fertilization rates. Below is an introduction to the problems and practices encountered in the breeding management of parent pigeons during the laying and brooding periods. </p><p></p><p>1. Prevent pigeons from laying unfertilized eggs, soft-shelled eggs and deformed eggs </p><p>In the early stage of laying, the number of unfertilized eggs will be somewhat higher, but the fertilization rate should still reach above 70%. Below this rate is abnormal, and you should check whether the pairing of the pigeons is reasonable, whether there are cases of all-male or all-female pairs, and whether health grit is supplied according to the formula and requirements. </p><p>2. Minimize broken eggs </p><p>There are many causes of broken eggs: first, the structure of the nest bowl is unsuitable, with no bedding material or a bottom that is too flat, so the pigeon eggs are not gathered together and are easily trampled and broken by the parent pigeons; second, the two pigeons are not compatible, especially newly paired pigeons, which often peck at each other and jump around, causing the eggs to be trampled and broken; third, disturbance by strangers and carelessness by the keeper, which frightens the pigeons and causes them to trample and break the eggs; fourth, the pigeons are too heavy in body weight, and combined with an improper nest position, they often trample and break the eggs; fifth, after the laying nest is taken down and cleaned, it is not put back in time, so the pigeons lay their eggs on the cage bottom and floor, where they break or are trampled; sixth, pigeons eat the eggs because they lack certain elements in their bodies. Necessary breeding management measures should be taken to address the above causes. </p><p>3. Candling eggs on schedule and promptly handling bad eggs </p><p>Candle the eggs on the fifth and tenth days of incubation. Clear eggs (unfertilized eggs), red-root eggs (dead germ eggs) and dead embryo eggs (rotten eggs) should be removed in time to prevent the eggs from rotting and affecting normally developing eggs and the health of the parent pigeons. If a low fertilization rate and a high dead embryo rate are found, the causes should be identified promptly, the management system improved, and the productivity of the parent pigeons raised. </p><p>4. Rational feeding </p><p>Breeding pigeons during the brooding period eat more and more as the squabs grow older, and feeding should be supplemented 2-3 times a day. For pigeons not in the brooding period, that is, during incubation and the early pre-laying period, supplementary feed is not necessary, but each feeding should let the pigeons eat their fill, so as not to affect the formation of eggs and sperm due to lack of nutrition. </p><p>5. Keep the nest bowl warm and clean </p><p>After the squabs are born, attention should be paid to keeping them warm and preventing attacks by drafts. The nest bowl should be kept clean and warm. When the squabs are about 10 days old and their bodies have grown, if the nest bowl is rather small, it will seem crowded and they may even fall out. At this time, the squabs can be moved to another nest bowl, or at 13 days of age they can be taken from the nest bowl and placed on burlap at the bottom of the cage. In this way, the parent pigeons can lay the next clutch of eggs in peace without disturbance. </p><p>6. Carry out retaining for breeding and marketing on schedule </p><p>Squabs 20-25 days old can be marketed for sale, and pigeons retained for breeding should be taken from the parent pigeons at 1 month of age to reduce the burden on the parent pigeons. </p><p>7. Do a good job of registration and statistics </p><p>Keep good records of the production of the parent pigeons, and use statistics and summaries to grasp the production situation. </p><p>8. Strengthen breeding management during the molting period </p><p>Parent pigeons molt every year in late summer and early autumn, and the process lasts 1-2 months. Some pigeons stop production during molting, but better breeds are little affected in production during molting. If the pigeons generally stop production during molting, the protein content of the feed can be lowered and the amount fed reduced, to prompt the flock to complete molting as quickly as possible in a short time. After molting, the full supply of feed should be restored in time, and the nutritional level of the feed maintained or raised, to promote the breeding pigeons to lay eggs as soon as possible. During the molting period, the flock can be adjusted: cull breeding pigeons with poor production performance, weak and sickly ones, and old ones that lay little; and supplement fine breeding pigeons. At the same time, carry out a comprehensive cleaning and disinfection of the pigeon cages and the environment inside and outside the pigeon house, creating a fresh production environment. </p><p>9. Ensure the safety of the parent pigeons </p><p>Cats and rats are the natural enemies of pigeons; rats eat squabs and pigeon eggs. When cats enter the pigeon house, they disturb the pigeons' incubation and normal activity. Therefore, the pigeon house should prevent the invasion of cats and rats, enclosing the pigeon loft well with wire mesh or bamboo strips. In places with many rats, wire can be strung around the pigeon house at a height of 5 cm from the ground, electrified at night, to electrocute the rats invading the pigeon house (but attention should be paid to the safety of the workers). </p><p>10. Pay attention to epidemic prevention work </p><p>Prevent wild birds and other poultry from entering the pigeon house, to prevent the occurrence of disease outbreaks. </p>
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Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Eel Farming in Earthen Ponds
Eel, also known as white eel, white loach, etc., is a valuable fish species for freshwater aquaculture. Its flesh is tender, its flavor delicious, and its nutritional value high; it has medicinal effects such as removing blood stasis and promoting tissue regeneration, and nourishing and tonifying the body. Eel grows rapidly and has strong adaptability; even in waters with very little dissolved oxygen where other fish cannot survive, it can live normally. The technical requirements for artificial farming are not high, and feed sources are also plentiful.
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How to Do a Good Job in Overwintering and Seed Stock Preservation for Tilapia in Earthen Pond Aquaculture
Tilapia, commonly known as: African crucian carp, non-crucian, Vietnamese fish, Nanyang crucian, etc. It originally referred to the fish species of the genus Oreochromis with Mozambique as the type locality: Mozambique mouthbrooder (scientific name: Oreochromis mossambicus). It is now the collective common name for several fish species of the genera Oreochromis and Sarotherodon in the family Cichlidae; in English they are collectively called Tilapia. It is now a freshwater aquaculture fish that is a key research and breeding target of the world's aquaculture industry, and is hailed as one of the main future sources of animal protein. It usually lives in freshwater, can also live in salt water with different salinity levels, and can also survive in shallow water in lakes, rivers, and ponds. It has strong adaptability, can reproduce even in small water areas, can even grow in rice fields, and has extremely strong adaptability to water with low dissolved oxygen. The vast majority of tilapia are omnivorous, often eating aquatic plants and debris.</p><p></p><p>There are many methods for overwintering and seed stock preservation of tilapia, but some are limited by resource conditions, with no hot springs or no warm drainage, and some have complex equipment and high investment. In order to explore a mass-oriented seed stock preservation method with low investment and simple equipment. Its main facilities and techniques are: </p><p>1. Construction of the overwintering pond: The tilapia overwintering pond should be built in a low-lying area that is sheltered from the wind and faces the sun, close to a river. In a place with solid soil, dig an earthen pond 4 m to 5 m long, 1 m to 2 m wide, and 2 m to 3 m deep. Water from the river channel can gradually seep into the earthen pond through the gaps in the soil layer, keeping the pond water fresh and the oxygen content sufficient. </p><p>2. Heat preservation facilities: Build a bamboo frame on the pond surface sloping toward the south, and cover the bamboo frame with two layers of plastic film, like a greenhouse for growing vegetable seedlings. The height between the pond surface and the film should be kept at about 0.1 m to 0.8 m; if the space is too large, it is not easy to keep warm. When the northwest wind blows, windbreak walls made of reeds or straw curtains should be made on the west and north sides of the overwintering pond. In frost and snow weather, straw curtains should be added over the film. If a cold wave invades and the temperature drops, 2 to 4 electric lights of 100 W to 200 W should be hung inside the plastic shed to raise the water temperature. In short, the pond water temperature should be kept at around 15°C to 16°C so that the fingerlings can safely pass the winter. </p><p>3. Putting fingerlings into the pond: Before the fingerlings are put into the pond, the overwintering pond should be filled with water and soaked for 3 days to 5 days to eliminate the effect of pollutants on the pond water. The time for putting fingerlings into the pond is generally in early November, and the water temperature should preferably be around 16°C; if too late, they are prone to cold damage. Before the fingerlings are put into the pond, they should be soaked in 4% salt water for 3 minutes to 5 minutes to disinfect the fish body and prevent infectious diseases. The density of fingerlings is 5 kg to 7.5 kg per cubic meter. </p><p>4. Overwintering management: During the entire overwintering period, specially assigned personnel should be on duty for management. At the same time, attention should be paid to changes in water temperature, changes in water quality, and the dynamics of the fish. </p><p>(1) Feeding: During the overwintering period, a small amount of feeding may be done, generally once every 10 days to 15 days, with the feeding amount at about 1% of the weight of the overwintering fingerlings, but when the water temperature exceeds 16°C, they can be fed once a day. Feed includes sugar dregs, rapeseed cake, etc. It should also be flexibly controlled according to the feeding situation so that the fish eat enough and eat well, in order to increase the overwintering survival rate and reduce losses.</p><p>(2) Lighting: Throughout the winter, as long as it is sunny, remove the straw curtains covering the heat preservation shed from 9:00 to 15:00 to let in light and raise the temperature. On snowy days, the snow on the frame should be swept off promptly to prevent the frame from being crushed and collapsing.</p><p>(3) Prevention and treatment of fish diseases: The overwintering period of tilapia is relatively long, and attention should be paid to observing whether there is fish disease. Once discovered, it should be treated promptly. During the overwintering period, saprolegniasis is the most common, mostly occurring after entering the pond and before leaving the pond. Saprolegniasis is a common disease caused by the attachment of fungi such as Saprolegnia and Pythium. With the naked eye, a grayish-white, soft, cotton-wool-like substance attached to the fish body can be observed. Injured fish bodies are highly susceptible to infection, and it occurs more frequently in winter and early spring. For treatment, alkaline green at a concentration of 0.1 mg to 0.2 mg/L or a copper sulfate solution at a concentration of 1 mg/L can be splashed over the whole pond, and it is effective. If pond oxygen deficiency occurs and fish gasp at the surface, more fresh water can be exchanged. </p>
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How can heat prevention and cooling measures be strengthened in summer pig farming?
With the arrival of summer, rising temperatures and increasing humidity make pigs highly prone to disease, so the environmental temperature inside the pig house must be controlled and heat prevention and cooling measures strengthened to ensure pigs pass through summer safely and improve pig farming returns. The following points should be noted in summer pig farming:
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What to Do About Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea? A Detailed Guide to Prevention and Control Methods
1. Strengthen feeding management: Pay attention to disinfection of the pens and insulation of the farrowing house. Once pigs with the disease appear in the pens, they should be isolated or culled immediately. For pig farms currently experiencing an outbreak, interferon can be injected intramuscularly into pregnant sows to reduce the viral load in the body, and for piglets after birth
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How to Raise a Myna So It Talks? Analysis of the Best Time to Teach
Keeping pets at home is already the pursuit of most people, because many people now live alone, and keeping an animal can bring a lot of fun. So animals that can talk are especially popular. Besides the well-known parrot, the animal that can learn human speech also includes the myna. Those who still do not know about the myna should follow along with the editor to learn about it.
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What are the signs that a Golden Retriever is starting to grow up and behave? Train it this way to make it obedient
Many people like to keep pet dogs at home, because pet dogs are usually very cute and have fairly gentle temperaments. Among all pet dogs, breeds like the Teddy, Golden Retriever or Husky are relatively popular with people. Today what we want to talk about
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What are the effective methods for keeping eagles away when raising chickens in an orchard?
Summary To prevent eagles, you have to grasp the eagle's weaknesses. You can limit the eagle's activity through sight and hearing, such as raising geese or dogs, and you can also use reflected light to scare eagles. If you want double insurance, it is best to hang gourds, colored strips or red flags, which can
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How to keep crucian carp alive? Farming methods to improve the survival rate
Abstract Crucian carp is very easy to raise. As long as you introduce healthy and high-quality fry, disinfect and fertilize the pond before stocking, stock at a reasonable density, monitor water quality and dissolved oxygen levels in time during the farming process, change the water, clean, and disinfect regularly, and adhere to the feeding principle of small amounts and multiple times,
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Free-Range Native Chicken Farming Techniques: Strengthen Management to Increase Egg Production and Growth Rate
Abstract Site: Choose woodland or orchard to facilitate natural food intake. Chicks: Choose high-quality egg-laying and meat-type chicks, and vaccinate on schedule. Increase egg production: Supplement calcium and protein to increase egg production. Increase growth rate: Feed an appropriate amount
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