The Wuzhishan black pig is a distinctive local pig breed of the tropical mountainous areas of Hainan.

The Wuzhishan black pig is a local pig breed native to the Wuzhishan area in the central part of Hainan Island, where it has long reproduced in a tropical mountain environment and is a traditional breed with a long history of local raising. It is relatively small in body size, and its coat is mostly black; because of its small stature, local people have given it a vivid folk nickname. As it adapts to free-range conditions, this pig breed has kept its raising tradition in the surrounding villages.

In appearance, the Wuzhishan black pig is compact, with a small, long head, small upright ears, and slender yet sturdy limbs; it moves nimbly and is good at running around to forage. It tolerates coarse feed and humid heat, is highly adaptable to the hot, humid forest environment, and also has fairly good disease resistance. However, its growth rate is slow, its reproductive performance is average, and its raising cycle is relatively long.

In terms of raising methods, the producing areas mainly use free-range or semi-free-range systems; during the day the pigs forage on green grass, wild vegetables and agricultural by-products on the forested slopes, and in the evening they return to their pens and are given supplementary feed such as corn, sweet potato and rice bran. Because of their high activity levels and long growth cycle, their meat is firm, with thin, tender skin and a rich aroma, and it is well recognized in the local market. In daily management, attention should also be paid to regulating the feeding of sows during the non-pregnant period and to protecting piglets from stress during weaning and group transfer, so as to reduce the risk of disease.

Today, the Wuzhishan black pig is both a distinctive farming project in Hainan and a livestock and poultry genetic resource worthy of attention. Its meat is suitable for many traditional preparations such as white-cut, braised and roasted dishes, and it holds a place in the local diet; because it is small in size and gentle in temperament, its potential value in fields such as laboratory animals has also gradually attracted attention. Good breed conservation and scientific feeding will help this local pig breed continue to develop.