How Is Pine Needle Essential Oil Extracted? A Detailed Guide to Common Extraction Methods
Pine needles have a long history of medicinal use, with effects such as relieving itching, improving eyesight and calming the mind, dispelling wind and invigorating blood, and detoxifying; they are used to treat chilblains, influenza, bruises and swelling, rheumatoid arthritis, and more. Modern pharmacological research shows that pine needles have antibacterial, blood pressure-lowering, blood lipid-lowering, analgesic, anti-mutagenic, expectorant, and anti-infection effects. Pine needles contain inorganic salts such as calcium, potassium and iron, vitamin A, vitamin C, 19 kinds of fatty acids, 17 kinds of amino acids and more than 40 other nutrients, and they also contain volatile oils, lignans, pigments, and flavonoids. Therefore, the development and utilization value of pine needles cannot be ignored.
[Summary of the Invention]
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide an application of Laya pine (Pinus roxburghii) needle essential oil.
To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an application of Laya pine needle essential oil, wherein the pine needle essential oil serves as a free radical scavenger.
The pine needle essential oil is obtained by the following steps: cutting the pine needles into pieces and placing them in a volatile oil extractor, adding water at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:4 to 1:20, soaking for 4-16 hours, then heating under reflux to extract for 1-2 hours.
Further, the material-to-liquid ratio is 1:12, soaking for 4 hours, and reflux extraction for 2 hours.
[Specific Embodiments]
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1 Weigh 100 g of shade-dried Laya pine needles, cut the needles into lengths of about 2 cm, place the cut pine needles in a volatile oil extractor, add water at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:12, soak for 4 h, then heat under reflux to extract the essential oil for an extraction time of 2 h; after extraction is complete, read the volume of the essential oil, and run the test in parallel three times; the extraction rate was 0.62 UL · 100g' (extraction rate calculated on a dry weight basis).
Embodiment 2 Weigh 100 g of shade-dried Laya pine needles, cut the needles into lengths of about 2 cm, place the cut pine needles in a volatile oil extractor, add water at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, soak for 4 h, then heat under reflux to extract the essential oil for an extraction time of 0.5 h; after extraction is complete, read the volume of the essential oil, and run the test in parallel three times; the extraction rate was 0.46 UL · 100g' (extraction rate calculated on a dry weight basis).
Embodiment 3 Weigh 100 g of shade-dried Laya pine needles, cut the needles into lengths of about 2 cm, place the cut pine needles in a volatile oil extractor, add water at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:15, soak for 1 h, then heat under reflux to extract the essential oil for an extraction time of 2 h; after extraction is complete, read the volume of the essential oil, and run the test in parallel three times; the extraction rate was 0.44 UL · 100g' (extraction rate calculated on a dry weight basis).
Free radical scavenging activity The essential oils of Laya pine and fine-leaf Yunnan pine (both prepared by the method described in Embodiment 1) and the main components α-pinene, β-pinene, and β-caryophyllene were each dissolved in anhydrous ethanol as the solvent to prepare solutions of different concentrations (0.03125-160 mg · mL-1). Using anhydrous ethanol as the solvent, DPPH · (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) was prepared into a solution at a concentration of 2X 10_2 mg · mL-1. In a stoppered cuvette, 2 mL of DPPH · solution + 2 mL of samples at different concentrations were added in sequence; after shaking well, timing was started, and the absorbance values of different sample solutions at various time points were recorded at 517 nm. The scavenging rate of the sample on DPPH free radicals is defined as: S%=[1- (Ai-Aj) /Ac] X 100% where: Ai = absorbance of 2 mL DPPH · solution + each sample; Aj = absorbance of 2 mL samples at different concentrations + 2 mL anhydrous ethanol; Ac = absorbance of 2 mL DPPH · solution + 2 mL anhydrous ethanol.
Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) were used as positive controls.
The ability of the essential oils of Laya pine and fine-leaf Yunnan pine needles to scavenge DPPH · free radicals is as follows:
[Claims]
1. An application of Laya pine needle essential oil, wherein the pine needle essential oil serves as a free radical scavenger.
2. The application of Laya pine needle essential oil according to claim 1, characterized in that the pine needle essential oil is obtained by the following steps: cutting the pine needles into pieces and placing them in a volatile oil extractor, adding water at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:4 to 1:20, soaking for 4-16 hours, then heating under reflux to extract for 1-2 hours.
3. The application of Laya pine needle essential oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: the material-to-liquid ratio is 1:12, soaking for 4 hours, and reflux extraction for 2 hours.
[Summary of the Invention]
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide an application of Laya pine (Pinus roxburghii) needle essential oil.
To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an application of Laya pine needle essential oil, wherein the pine needle essential oil serves as a free radical scavenger.
The pine needle essential oil is obtained by the following steps: cutting the pine needles into pieces and placing them in a volatile oil extractor, adding water at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:4 to 1:20, soaking for 4-16 hours, then heating under reflux to extract for 1-2 hours.
Further, the material-to-liquid ratio is 1:12, soaking for 4 hours, and reflux extraction for 2 hours.
[Specific Embodiments]
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1 Weigh 100 g of shade-dried Laya pine needles, cut the needles into lengths of about 2 cm, place the cut pine needles in a volatile oil extractor, add water at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:12, soak for 4 h, then heat under reflux to extract the essential oil for an extraction time of 2 h; after extraction is complete, read the volume of the essential oil, and run the test in parallel three times; the extraction rate was 0.62 UL · 100g' (extraction rate calculated on a dry weight basis).
Embodiment 2 Weigh 100 g of shade-dried Laya pine needles, cut the needles into lengths of about 2 cm, place the cut pine needles in a volatile oil extractor, add water at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, soak for 4 h, then heat under reflux to extract the essential oil for an extraction time of 0.5 h; after extraction is complete, read the volume of the essential oil, and run the test in parallel three times; the extraction rate was 0.46 UL · 100g' (extraction rate calculated on a dry weight basis).
Embodiment 3 Weigh 100 g of shade-dried Laya pine needles, cut the needles into lengths of about 2 cm, place the cut pine needles in a volatile oil extractor, add water at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:15, soak for 1 h, then heat under reflux to extract the essential oil for an extraction time of 2 h; after extraction is complete, read the volume of the essential oil, and run the test in parallel three times; the extraction rate was 0.44 UL · 100g' (extraction rate calculated on a dry weight basis).
Free radical scavenging activity The essential oils of Laya pine and fine-leaf Yunnan pine (both prepared by the method described in Embodiment 1) and the main components α-pinene, β-pinene, and β-caryophyllene were each dissolved in anhydrous ethanol as the solvent to prepare solutions of different concentrations (0.03125-160 mg · mL-1). Using anhydrous ethanol as the solvent, DPPH · (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) was prepared into a solution at a concentration of 2X 10_2 mg · mL-1. In a stoppered cuvette, 2 mL of DPPH · solution + 2 mL of samples at different concentrations were added in sequence; after shaking well, timing was started, and the absorbance values of different sample solutions at various time points were recorded at 517 nm. The scavenging rate of the sample on DPPH free radicals is defined as: S%=[1- (Ai-Aj) /Ac] X 100% where: Ai = absorbance of 2 mL DPPH · solution + each sample; Aj = absorbance of 2 mL samples at different concentrations + 2 mL anhydrous ethanol; Ac = absorbance of 2 mL DPPH · solution + 2 mL anhydrous ethanol.
Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) were used as positive controls.
The ability of the essential oils of Laya pine and fine-leaf Yunnan pine needles to scavenge DPPH · free radicals is as follows:
[Claims]
1. An application of Laya pine needle essential oil, wherein the pine needle essential oil serves as a free radical scavenger.
2. The application of Laya pine needle essential oil according to claim 1, characterized in that the pine needle essential oil is obtained by the following steps: cutting the pine needles into pieces and placing them in a volatile oil extractor, adding water at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:4 to 1:20, soaking for 4-16 hours, then heating under reflux to extract for 1-2 hours.
3. The application of Laya pine needle essential oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: the material-to-liquid ratio is 1:12, soaking for 4 hours, and reflux extraction for 2 hours.