Detailed Explanation of Key Apple Cultivation Techniques and Management Methods

The apple is a type of fruit, a plant of the genus Malus in the subfamily Maloideae of the family Rosaceae, and its tree is a deciduous tree. The apple fruit is rich in minerals and vitamins, and is one of the fruits people commonly eat. The apple is a low-calorie food, producing 60 kcal of heat per 100 grams. The nutrients in apples are highly soluble and easily absorbed by the human body, which is why it is called "living water." It helps dissolve sulfur elements, making the skin smooth and tender.

Apple Tree Growing Conditions

China's apple production and consumption both rank among the top in the world, with the planting area accounting for 40% of the world's total area. Shandong Province is one of China's four major apple-producing regions, and its climatic conditions and ecological environment are extremely suitable for the growth of apple trees. Apple trees have relatively strong growth capacity; whether the planting soil is fertile or barren, they can maintain relatively good growth. Shandong Province has a temperate monsoon climate, with abundant rainfall, sufficient soil moisture and rich organic matter, adding conditions for the growth of apple trees. At the same time, apple trees grown in an environment with good light conditions and a dry, cool climate will bear fruit faster than in ordinary environments, and the longer the light duration, the sweeter the apples produced.

Apple Planting and Management

1. Selection of varieties. As just mentioned, apples are planted in every part of our country, which also shows that their growth capacity and adaptability are quite strong. However, apples are still divided into many varieties, and the varieties planted in each place are also different. Although the varieties are different, one thing they have in common is that they grow relatively fast and also have high yields. This high yield and fast growth occur under environments suitable for growth. So when we choose varieties, we should base our choice on the environment of the planting site, changes in weather and soil conditions, plus some external factors, and then choose the variety more suitable for planting. 

2. Orchard planting. As we also said just now, apple trees have relatively strong adaptability to the environment; if the planting soil is not too barren, they can basically grow normally. If we want to increase the yield, we still need to choose relatively good varieties, and the soil should also be chosen to be a bit more fertile. 

Apple trees have relatively poor wind resistance. When planting, we can plant some taller trees on the outer edge of the orchard, which can reduce the impact of strong winds on the fruit trees. And we can also plant some smaller crops in the middle gaps within the orchard, which can also increase the income of growers, but the things planted must not grow too tall, or they will take away the nutrients that originally belonged to the apple trees. 

3. Management of flowers and fruit. If we want high yield, we need to carry out some necessary management of the flowers and fruit. When the fruit has just begun to grow and develop, we need to spread fertilizer on the fruit trees, and then turn over the surrounding soil to increase its looseness. In this way, the respiratory system of the fruit tree roots can be promoted. 

Then spray some pesticide, mainly to prevent the phenomenon of leaf drop and fruit drop. After the fruit trees grow small flower buds, we need to pay attention, because flower buds are the key to the fruit trees blooming. The most important step from flowering to bearing fruit is the pollination of the flowers, which is the key that directly affects fruiting. We also need to do the work for when there is no flowering. If there is no flowering, we need to carry out artificial pollination; only in this way can the probability of bearing fruit be increased, providing a guarantee for raising the yield.