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Detailed Explanation of Mustard Greens Planting Methods and Technical Points

Growing Techniques By Emily Carter 0 views
Leafy Vegetables



Mustard greens, scientific name: Brassica juncea var. crispifolia, also known as snow mustard, nine-head mustard, shaocai, paicai, etc., belongs to the genus Brassica, phylum Angiospermae, and is a type of mustard.
Mustard greens are the tender stems and leaves of the cruciferous plant mustard. Its nature and flavor are cool, and it enters the lung, spleen, and stomach meridians. It has the effects of promoting urination and stopping diarrhea, dispelling wind and dissipating blood stasis, and reducing swelling and relieving pain. It is mainly used to treat conditions such as difficult urination, dysentery, coughing up blood, swollen and painful gums, sore throat and hoarseness, hemorrhoids swelling and pain, lacquer tree rash itching, traumatic injuries, and joint pain. It is a commonly used herbal medicine among the people. It can be applied externally or eaten internally.


Mustard greens planting technology:

1. Cultivating strong seedlings

① Seed selection: varieties such as large-leaf mustard greens, nine-head mustard, and phoenix-tail mustard greens are all acceptable.

② Fertilization: apply 500-1000 kg of high-quality decomposed farmyard manure per mu. Spray the seedbed surface with a 1000-fold dilution of 50% phoxim to prevent underground pests.

③ Land preparation: make beds 1.5~1.8 m wide, with bed furrows 35 cm wide and 35 cm deep each, and a seedling bed to field ratio of 1:20.

④ Sowing period: generally sow from late September to early October, and transplant from late October to early November.

⑤ Sowing: for seed treatment, soaking seeds in 10% trisodium phosphate or dressing seeds with pesticides such as zineb may be used. Sow about 500 g per mu of seedling bed. Because the seeds are very small, they can be sown mixed with fine sand or moist fine soil; after sowing, cover with 0.5~1 cm of soil, then spray with a 500~800-fold dilution of butachlor to prevent weeds. After lightly raking the bed surface and patting it firm, cover with rice straw or shade netting to retain moisture and provide shade.

⑥ Management: thin seedlings when there are 3~4 true leaves, with a seedling spacing of 5.6 cm. During the seedling stage, apply one topdressing per mu of 500~1000 kg of decomposed dilute human waste water; transplant when there are 5~6 true leaves. For seedling-stage pests and diseases such as striped flea beetles, spray with a 2000-fold dilution of 80% dichlorvos emulsion or a 1000-fold dilution of trichlorfon crystals; for aphids and cabbage caterpillars, spray with a 1000-fold dilution of imidacloprid.

2. Transplanting and planting out:

① Land preparation and fertilization: choose fertile, loose sandy loam with high terrain and good drainage and irrigation for planting. Apply 1000~1500 kg of decomposed household manure per mu, plus 30 kg of diammonium phosphate and 100 kg of plant ash. Deeply plow, rake level and break up the soil to make beds. Generally the bed width is 1.5 m, the furrow width is 30 cm, and the furrow depth is 30 cm.

② Reasonable close planting: generally plant 4 rows per bed, with row and plant spacing of 35 x 30~35 cm, planting 4000~5000 plants per mu. Transplant with soil, and do not let the roots twist or hang in the air during planting. The planting depth should not exceed the cotyledon node. Furrow planting and hole planting may be used, and after planting water thoroughly.

3. Field management:

After planting out, prevent drought and waterlogging. When there is little rain, prevent drought; when there is much rain, do a good job of drainage. Topdressing should be done together with watering, mainly with nitrogen fertilizer, and appropriately increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Begin topdressing after the plants survive transplanting, generally 3 times, with concentration from light to heavy. After transplanting, pour dilute fertilizer water to promote survival. In mid-December, apply 20 kg each of ammonium bicarbonate and phosphate fertilizer per mu; in mid-February, apply one topdressing per mu of 20 kg urea and 15 kg potassium fertilizer. While watering and topdressing, cultivation and weeding should also be carried out. Stop watering 20 days before harvest to facilitate processing.

4. Pest and disease control:

After the late rice harvest, before transplanting, spray the whole field (including field ridges) with 500~600 mL of 10% glyphosate; after the plants survive planting out, before grassy weeds in the field reach the 2-leaf 1-heart stage, spray fluazifop-p-butyl to prevent weed damage. For dicotyledonous weeds, use cultivation and weeding. The main disease is viral disease, with emphasis on preventing aphids, and using plant virus inhibitors, virus A, etc. for control. When the disease is severe, they may be used alternately 3~4 times, once every 6~7 days. The main pests are aphids and cabbage caterpillars, which can be controlled by spraying pesticides such as imidacloprid and cyhalothrin.


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