Comprehensive control methods for bacterial brown blotch disease in edible fungi

How much do you know about comprehensive control of bacterial brown blotch disease in edible fungi.

China is rich in edible fungus resources and is also one of the earliest countries to cultivate and use edible fungi. The harm caused by bacterial brown blotch disease in edible fungi is very great, so comprehensive control measures must be taken.

Ensure mushroom house hygiene.

Keep the cultivation site away from chicken and duck poultry sheds, and strictly prohibit scattering fertilizer and contaminated mushroom sticks around the area to ensure a clean environment. Regularly disinfect the facilities inside the mushroom house. The bed frames and support materials should be removed, sprayed and brushed with bleaching powder, then dried in the sun. Spread bleaching powder at a concentration of 150mg/L on the floor of the mushroom house for disinfection. Before the mushroom bags are brought into the shed, fumigate the mushroom shed with 10-15g/cubic meter sulfur and keep it sealed for 2-3 days, with relative humidity kept below 85%. During the fruiting period, the relative humidity in the mushroom house should not be too high; ventilation should be strengthened to keep the air fresh. In addition, the greenhouse is best covered with drip-free plastic greenhouse film.

Select high-quality culture material.

Select culture material free of pests, diseases, miscellaneous fungi and mold. In the high-temperature season, the bran content in the culture material formula should not exceed 10%, and it is best not to add cornmeal, while adding an appropriate amount of lime. The water content of the culture material should not exceed 65%. During the spawn incubation period, the relative air humidity in the mushroom house should not exceed 70%. The casing soil material should be disinfected with formaldehyde.

Select good varieties.

Select excellent varieties with strong resistance to contamination, master the cultivation season well, and inoculate and spawn at the right time. Spring planting should not be too late, and autumn planting should not be too early.

Handling of diseased mushrooms.

Once the mushroom bodies in the shed are infected with pathogens, they should be removed promptly, including infected young mushroom buds. When removing diseased mushrooms, the mushroom roots should be removed, and the surface of the culture medium should be cleaned thoroughly to ensure that nutrients in the substrate are not consumed.

Chemical control.

① When the condition is mild, 2000-fold diluted agricultural streptomycin can be sprayed on the diseased spots.

② Spray infected mushroom bodies with 150mg/kg available chlorine to reduce the incidence rate.

③ Spray the material surface or fruiting bodies with 3000-fold "Mushroom Guardian" solution once every 7-10 days, and mix 3000-fold diluted "Mushroom Guardian" into the material to prevent infection throughout the entire growth period.

④ Spray mushroom bodies with 2000-fold "Mushroom Disease Conqueror" solution.

For comprehensive control of bacterial brown blotch disease in edible fungi, the world's largest edible fungus is the button mushroom, the second largest edible fungus is shiitake; China's shiitake ranks first in the world; next is Japan, and South Korea ranks third.

Keep the mushroom site clean and sanitary, and promptly remove diseased mushrooms and waste materials; mushroom houses, bed frames, tools, etc. must be thoroughly disinfected before use with 1:50 Jinxing disinfectant or 2% bleaching powder, especially mushroom sheds with a relatively severe previous occurrence of the disease.

When mixing the material, Youmeijing should be diluted with water at a 1:1000 ratio and mixed into the material. Do not use highly toxic or high-residue anti-contamination agents, so as to ensure the production effect;

When cultivating enoki mushroom, the culture material should be thoroughly sterilized. When cultivating button mushroom and oyster mushroom, the culture material should be fully fermented and evenly decomposed. The casing soil material only needs to be fumigated and disinfected with formaldehyde.

During the fruiting period of enoki mushroom, control the temperature of the fruiting room below 15°, avoid fruiting in high-temperature and high-humidity seasons, and strengthen ventilation and heat dissipation at high temperatures. During the fruiting period of oyster mushroom, the temperature should not exceed 18°. If the temperature suddenly rises, cooling measures should be taken, such as opening windows, uncovering film, and shading, but note that the temperature fluctuation in the mushroom house should not be too large, to prevent water vapor condensation and the formation of a water film.

When diseased mushrooms are found, they should be removed promptly, and the ventilation volume should be increased immediately, spraying should be paused or reduced, the temperature should be lowered quickly, and medication should be used to control the degree of disease. For example, 5% clear lime water can be sprayed on the material surface, or streptomycin solution at 100-200 units per milliliter or oxytetracycline at 300 units, or 500-1000-fold bleaching powder solution can be sprayed, once every 2 days. Stop watering the mushroom bed 1 day before and after application, and apply again after an interval of 3-4 days. Using it continuously for more than 3 times can effectively control the spread of the disease. When the disease is severe, the diseased mushrooms should first be removed, and after cleaning the material surface or casing soil, spray according to the above method.