Detailed Explanation of a New Simplified Method for Edible Mushroom Spawn Production
This method eliminates the series of expensive equipment, raw materials, chemicals and supplies required by traditional spawn production, saving thousands of yuan in investment. The spawn produced has exceptionally strong resistance, tolerating both high and low temperatures, and achieves a 100% success rate when used for expansion and inoculation, while shortening the spawn production cycle by 20-30 d.
1. Innovation in Spawn Production Raw Materials
The simplified conventional method uses potato, glucose, agar and other materials mixed to prepare PDA medium for inoculating grade-1 test-tube mother spawn; the innovation uses any one of wheat grains, grain, corn kernels, corn cobs, tree branches and other materials readily available on any farm as the raw material, supplemented with a spawn coating agent to coat them, producing a fully nutritious, high-nitrogen granular universal medium for edible mushroom spawn, used for inoculating grade-1 test-tube mother spawn, grade-2 bottled stock spawn and grade-3 bottled cultivation spawn. The raw material cost of one test-tube of mother spawn medium is only 0.03 yuan, and the raw material cost of one bottle of stock spawn or one bottle of cultivation spawn is only 0.2 yuan, making it both economical and practical.
2. Innovation in Autoclave Sterilization
The simplified method places the mother spawn or stock spawn medium into a dedicated autoclave at 1.2 kg per square centimeter, sterilizing under steam pressure for 30-40 min; the innovation places it into a "Supor" household pressure cooker used for cooking, holding for 40-50 min when steam sprays from the pressure-limiting valve hole, then removing it after cooling to normal pressure.
3. Innovation in Atmospheric Pressure Sterilization
The simplified method places the cultivation spawn medium into an atmospheric pressure sterilizer for 8-10 h; the innovation places it into a space sterilization bag (self-made material cost about 30 yuan, capable of holding 500-800 bottles) for 3-4 h.
4. Innovation in Inoculation Method
The simplified method uses the old method of fumigating and sterilizing with chemicals such as formaldehyde and potassium permanganate in an inoculation box or inoculation room, then supplemented with an alcohol lamp flame to carry out closed inoculation; the innovation uses a "four-no" sterile edible mushroom inoculator, requiring no electricity, no steam, no alcohol and no chemical fumigation sterilization, directly carrying out fully open inoculation and transfer of all types of edible mushrooms throughout the entire process, with a finished product rate exceeding 99%.
5. Innovation in Cooked Substrate Spawn Production
The simplified method produces grade-3 cultivation spawn of edible mushrooms such as oyster mushroom, Phoenix mushroom, pink oyster mushroom, shaggy ink cap mushroom and golden oyster mushroom, using "cooked substrate" inoculated and cultivated after atmospheric steam sterilization; the innovation uses raw substrate directly bagged and inoculated for production. After filling with substrate, a ventilation hole is made through the middle to create a permeable state, then fully nutritious high-nitrogen granular stock spawn is inoculated (spawn amount 15%), and cultivated at a suitable temperature.