Detailed Explanation of Key Points of Raw Material Cultivation Techniques for Edible Fungi

Build the mushroom house well and set up the bed frames, then mix raw materials such as cottonseed hulls, bran, sucrose, urea, and lime, add an equal ratio of water, mix thoroughly and stir evenly, put into bags to make mushroom bags. Then inoculate the mushroom spawn into the bags for cultivation, and after about one month the mycelium grows, then control the temperature at 15-18 degrees, keep the humidity above 70%, and maintain scattered light so the mushroom caps grow.

What are the differences between raw material, cooked material and fermented material cultivation of edible fungi?

1. Raw material cultivation

Edible fungus cultivation substrate that is directly inoculated and cultivated without heating and sterilization treatment is called raw material cultivation. Because raw material cultivation has not undergone high-temperature treatment, it is simple and easy to operate, saves labor and time, and the nutrient decomposition loss in the substrate is small; if management measures are appropriate, the yield is relatively high. However, it is difficult to control diseases and insect pests in raw material cultivation; if pesticides are added to the substrate, it will affect the safety of the product. Moreover, mycelial growth in raw material cultivation is slow, and the inoculation amount also needs to be increased.

2. Cooked material cultivation

Edible fungus cultivation substrate that is inoculated and cultivated after high-pressure or atmospheric-pressure sterilization treatment is called cooked material cultivation. In the high-temperature sterilized substrate, contaminating bacteria and insect pests are basically killed, the nutrients in the raw materials are relatively fully decomposed, and mycelial growth after inoculation is fast. However, the operation is troublesome and the cost is relatively high.

3. Fermented material cultivation

Edible fungus cultivation substrate that is inoculated and cultivated after pile fermentation treatment is called fermented material cultivation. Fermented material cultivation is a method between raw material and cooked material, also called semi-raw material cultivation. The degree of sterilization and nutrient decomposition of fermented substrate is between that of raw material and cooked material, so its advantages and disadvantages are also between the two.