What are the methods for identifying the quality of edible mushroom spawn?

a. Characteristics of normal mother spawn:

1. Growth is neat and vigorous, with smooth, plump edges. 2. Color is consistent and uniform, with normal pigment secretion. 3. Growth vigor is good, and speed is normal. 4. Mycelium is vigorous and robust, with no antagonism.

b. Characteristics of main varieties:

1. Enoki mushroom (Flammulina velutipes): Mycelium is pure white, with strong fluffy growth, but the fuzz is relatively short like cotton wool, with white or pale spore powder.

2. Shaggy mane mushroom (Coprinus comatus): Mycelium is white or slightly pale yellow, with strong fluffy growth, aerial-type mycelium, semi-creeping, mycelial tips clearly visible, mycelium fine and dense, fast growth, secreting grayish-brown pigment in the later stage, with obvious black or pale black visible from the back of the test tube.

3. Buna-shimeji (Hypsizygus marmoreus): Mycelium is pure white, dense, with vigorous aerial mycelium.

4. Himematsutake (Agaricus blazei): Mycelium is pale white, mainly slightly earthy yellow, slender, with neat and uniform growth, few aerial mycelium, and a small amount of coarse mycelium in the later growth stage. Growth time is 2 times that of oyster mushroom. Generally subcultured onto manure-straw extract + PDA medium.

5. Poplar mushroom (Agrocybe aegerita): Mycelium is white, with strong fluffy growth, relatively fine, vigorous and neat growth, few aerial mycelium, and a small amount of brown secretion in the later stage.

6. White king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus nebrodensis), also called Ferula mushroom: Mycelium is white, dense, thick and strong, mycelium compact, with relatively few aerial mycelium.

7. King oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii): Mycelium is white, dense and thick, with neat edges, vigorous growth, aerial mycelium, similar to oyster mushroom. Mycelium vitality is especially strong.

8. Abalone mushroom (Pleurotus abalonus): Mycelium is dense, white, relatively fine, vigorous growth, with pale black oidia in the later stage.

9. Wine-cap stropharia (Stropharia rugosoannulata): Mycelium is white or pale earthy yellow, relatively fine, sparse, with few aerial mycelium and relatively slow growth.

10. Poria (Wolfiporia cocos): Mycelium is pale white, sparse, with few aerial mycelium, loose mycelium, brown secretion in the later stage, and relatively slow growth.

11. Armillaria (Armillaria mellea): Symbiotic fungus of Gastrodia elata. Mycelium is white, grows and extends into the medium, forming rhizomorphs, with edges either black or white; the upper part of the test tube gradually turns pale black, and rhizomorphs show fluorescence when left too long. If poorly made, it will contain contaminating microorganisms.

12. Button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus): Mycelium is white with pale earthy yellow, generally semi-aerial and semi-creeping, rhizomorphs relatively thick, tips obvious,

growth is somewhat slow.

13. Lion's mane mushroom (Hericium erinaceus): Mycelium is white, sparse, distributed in star-like spots; after inoculation into secondary spawn, the mycelium appears dense and white.