High-Yield Cultivation Techniques for the New Edible Mushroom Variety Chicken Leg Mushroom 201

Chicken Leg Mushroom 201 is a new variety bred by tissue isolation from wild fruiting bodies. Through cultivation and fruiting, its biological conversion rate can reach 100%-140%.

I. Biological Characteristics of Chicken Leg Mushroom 201

Chicken Leg Mushroom 201 is a straw-rotting soil-dwelling mushroom, belonging to the medium-to-high temperature type. The mycelial growth temperature is 3-35°C, with the optimum at 24-26°C; the fruiting body growth temperature is 8-30°C, with the optimum fruiting temperature at 16-24°C. The suitable water content of the mycelial growth substrate is around 65%, and the suitable air humidity during the fruiting body growth stage is 80%-90%. Mycelial growth does not require light, while the fruiting body growth and development stage requires a certain amount of light; fruiting under weak scattered light produces sturdy fruiting bodies. The mycelial growth stage requires little oxygen, while the fruiting body growth stage requires sufficient oxygen. During mycelial growth, it can grow within a pH range of 4-9, with the optimum pH being 6.5-7.5. The development and growth of fruiting bodies cannot be separated from soil, and it has the characteristic of not fruiting without casing soil.

II. Cultivation Techniques

1. Material sources: ① Spent edible mushroom production waste. Method of use: Remove the bags from waste material previously used to cultivate enoki mushroom, oyster mushroom, wood ear mushroom, etc., crush it, sun-dry it for 2-3 days, then add 30% corn cob powder or rice straw. ② Cottonseed hulls, corn cobs, corn stalks, sawdust, rice straw, wheat straw, pig and cattle manure, wheat bran, rice bran, etc., dried and stored.

2. Substrate formulas: ① Spent edible mushroom waste 20 kg, wheat bran 10 kg, cottonseed hulls or straw 20 kg, lime 1.5-2 kg. ② Rice straw, wheat straw, corn stalks, weeds, etc., crushed; per 50 kg dry material add wheat bran 5 kg, corn flour 2.5 kg, urea 0.25 kg, lime 1.5-2 kg, superphosphate 1 kg. ③ Corn cobs 45%, urea 0.5%-1%, lime powder 3%, wheat bran 10%, soybean stalk powder 40%, urea 1%. Each of the above formulas can have livestock manure added at 20% of the mixed material weight for better results; the water content of each formula should be controlled at 65%-70%.

3. Cultivation method: After mixing each formula thoroughly, pile it into a heap 1 m high and of unlimited length, and make several ventilation holes in the heap from the surface to the bottom. When the temperature rises above 50°C, maintain it for 12 hours, then turn the pile. After the temperature rises again to 60°C, maintain it for another 12 hours, then turn the pile again. After turning 3 times in total, it can be bagged. For the sterilized substrate production method, place the filled substrate bags into a pot and sterilize under normal pressure for 4-6 hours, cool to below 30°C, then inoculate with a spawn amount of 10%; open inoculation can be used. Keep the bag temperature at around 25°C; generally after about 20 days the mycelium will fill the bags. Remove the plastic film from the bags fully colonized by mycelium and carry out casing soil cultivation in beds inside a shed. Choose a plot with good drainage and fertile soil, dig beds 10-20 cm deep and 100-155 cm wide and of unlimited length, oriented north-south, with drainage ditches dug around them; the bed bottom should be level, and a small amount of lime should be scattered for disinfection. Then place the de-bagged substrate logs horizontally in rows on the beds, leaving 3-5 cm gaps between logs, cover completely with fertile soil, and after another 15-20 days white mushroom primordia will appear. At this time, water frequently to raise the air humidity inside the shed, keeping the air humidity at 80%-90%, while adjusting the shed temperature to 12-24°C, and ventilate every day.

III. Harvesting

After the fruiting bodies have grown and matured, harvesting is generally done when the fruiting body is firm and not hollow, there are a few scales on the cap, and the annulus has just begun to loosen. When harvesting, hold the lower part of the stem with your hand and twist gently to pull it up. When harvesting clustered mushrooms, try not to bruise the small mushrooms. After harvesting, clean the bed surface, add soil, water, and cover with film to maintain the mycelium, promoting primordium formation and fruiting; generally 2-4 harvests can be made.