Detailed Explanation of High-Yield Cultivation Techniques and Fresh-Keeping Methods for Edible Fungi

Cold Storage Fresh-Keeping: After the harvested fresh mushrooms are sorted, they are placed in baskets or crates, covered with multiple layers of wet gauze or burlap pieces. In a cool place, set up a vat containing a small amount of clean water, place a wooden rack above the water, put the baskets and crates on the wooden rack, then seal the mouth of the vat with plastic film.

Dormancy Fresh-Keeping: After harvest, place them indoors at above 25°C for 3-5 hours to induce vigorous respiration, then transfer them to a cold storage at around 0°C for a static treatment of about 12 hours. At around 20°C, the fresh-keeping period is about 4-5 days.

Controlled Atmosphere Fresh-Keeping: This method artificially controls the temperature, humidity and gas composition of the environment to achieve the purpose of fresh-keeping.

Simple Controlled Atmosphere Storage: Store fresh mushrooms such as shiitake (Lentinula edodes) and button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) in controlled atmosphere bags containing 1%-2% oxygen, 40% carbon dioxide and 58%-59% nitrogen. At 20°C, they can be stored for about 8 days.

"Silicon Window" Bag Fresh-Keeping: Silicone rubber is embedded in proportion into the wall of a plastic packaging bag to form a "silicon window" fresh-keeping bag with a fresh-keeping effect. This plastic bag can rely on the "silicon window" to automatically regulate the ratio of oxygen and carbon dioxide inside the bag, thereby achieving the purpose of safely storing fresh mushrooms.

Radiation Treatment: This can effectively reduce spoilage of fresh mushrooms and achieve a relatively good fresh-keeping effect. Oyster Mushroom Radiation Fresh-Keeping: Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) are irradiated with cobalt-60 rays at a radiation dose of 50,000-100,000 rads, then stored at 0°C. The color, smell and texture and other commercial qualities of the fresh mushrooms can be well maintained for 7-10 days. Straw Mushroom Radiation Fresh-Keeping: Straw mushrooms (Volvariella volvacea) in paper-plastic bags are treated with cobalt-60 rays at a radiation dose of 80,000-120,000 rads, then kept fresh at 14-16°C for 2-3 days with good commercial qualities.

Chemical Fresh-Keeping: Chemical fresh-keeping is the use of chemical substances to inhibit the respiration intensity of edible fungi and prevent the activity of spoilage microorganisms. Salt Water Soaking Treatment: Soak fresh mushrooms in 0.6% salt water for about 10 minutes, drain them, put them into plastic bags for storage. At 10-25°C, after 4-6 hours, the fresh mushrooms turn bright white and can be kept fresh for 3-5 days. Sodium Metabisulfite Spraying: Spray 0.15% sodium metabisulfite aqueous solution onto the mushroom bodies. At 15-20°C, they can be stored for 5-8 days. Daminozide Fresh-Keeping: Soak fresh mushrooms in 0.001%-0.1% daminozide aqueous solution for 10 minutes. At 5-22°C, they can be kept fresh for 5-8 days.