Methods for Preparing Mushroom Fertilizer Top-Dressings and Disease Control Techniques

During the peak fruiting period and the late fruiting period of mushrooms, the nutrients in the growing medium are nearly exhausted. Applying fertilizer top-dressings in time during these two periods can noticeably increase mushroom yields and improve quality.

1. Manure and soil fertilizer: Crush fresh dried pig and cattle manure, pre-wet it with clear limewater and pile it for 15 days, add 50% fertile mud and a small amount of plant ash, mix well, and when yields drop sharply or dead mushrooms appear, combine with cleaning the bed surface and removing old roots, then spread it on the bed surface.

2. Forage liquid: Take fully decomposed and sun-dried forage, add 100 times its volume of water, boil to extract the liquid, cool it, and spray it; this can make mushrooms grow vigorously.

3. Cottonseed liquid: Add 10 times the amount of water to cottonseed, boil to extract the liquid, cool it, then add 3 times the amount of clear water before use.

4. Piglet and cattle urine: Boil fully decomposed pig and cattle urine for 20 minutes, filter out the residue, add 10 to 20 times the amount of water to make a 5% to 10% diluted solution and spray it.

5. Food-based liquids: ① Soybean water. Wash 10 kg of non-moldy soybeans clean, soak them, add 50 to 60 kg of water, boil thoroughly, filter out the broth, add water up to 200 kg and spray. ② Chop 10 kg of carrots, add 15 kg of water, boil for 30 minutes, filter to obtain the juice, add 3 times the amount of water to make a 25% carrot juice and spray. ③ Add 1 kg of solid glucose to 100 kg of water, dissolve it, and you get a 1% glucose solution, which can be sprayed directly. ④ Add 0.3 to 0.5 kg of table salt to 100 kg of water, stir to dissolve, and spray.

6. Mushroom root soup: Take 5 to 10 kg of mushroom roots, rinse them lightly, add 10 to 15 kg of water and boil for 15 minutes, take the clear liquid, add 50 kg of water, stir evenly and spray; this can promote the growth of small mushrooms.

The application rate for each of the above fertilizer top-dressing liquids is about 0.5 kg per sq m.