Edible Mushroom Preservation Methods and Tips for Reducing Pests and Diseases
How to Reduce Pests and Diseases in Edible Mushrooms
The main insect pests of edible mushrooms include mushroom gnats, mushroom flies, springtails, mites and nematodes, and the integrated control measures are as follows.
Keep the mushroom yard clean. Before cultivation, the mushroom house should be thoroughly cleaned and evenly sprayed with an 800-fold trichlorfon or dichlorvos solution. For outdoor mushroom cultivation, clear the weeds around the cultivation site and spray the soil and the surrounding area with a 250-fold trichlorfon solution.
Prevent adult insects from entering the room. For indoor cultivation of edible mushrooms, nail 60-mesh fine gauze over doors, windows and ventilation holes to prevent adult mushroom flies, mushroom gnats and other adults from entering the room and causing damage.
Trap and kill adult insects. Adult mushroom flies, mushroom gnats and others are phototactic, so black light lamps or fluorescent lamps can be set up, with sticky boards hung around the lamps or a basin of dichlorvos solution placed under the lamp, so that the adults touch the pesticide and are poisoned.
Fumigation with chemicals. For indoor cultivation of edible mushrooms, under sealed conditions, use 2-3 tablets of aluminum phosphide per cubic meter of space for fumigation to eliminate indoor sources of insects.
Treat the culture material. For every 50 kg of culture material, use 15 ml of dicofol, mix with 10 kg of water, and spray evenly on the material, stirring the material while spraying; after spraying, pile it up for 3 days, which can eliminate the insect sources in the material. Alternatively, mix into the culture material a 500-fold solution of 40% phoxim or a 1000-fold solution of 2.5% deltamethrin, both of which have good insecticidal effects.
Spray chemicals to kill insects. If pests are found before fruiting, spray the bed surface with a 500-fold trichlorfon solution, a 1000-fold deltamethrin solution, or an 800-fold dichlorvos solution to kill the insects.