Tips for Preventing and Controlling Edible Mushroom Pests and Diseases, and Notes on Rehydration

Using pest habits for control: (1) For fungus gnats, manual capture can be used; (2) Place bags infested with gall midges in sunlight for 1-2 hours or sprinkle them with lime powder, which can effectively kill the gall midges.

Trapping and killing: (1) Mosquitoes and moths can be trapped and killed with black light lamps or energy-saving lamps by placing 0.1% dichlorvos in a water basin under the lamp; the pests fall into the basin and are killed; (2) Place sticky insect boards coated with 40% polypropylene near strong lights to trap and kill armyworms.

Control of Aspergillus: (1) Remove waste materials promptly; (2) When filling bottles with material, the material must not come into contact with the cotton plug; after filling the bottles, wash the bottle mouths clean, remove debris, and keep the cotton plugs clean; (3) After harvesting the edible mushrooms, apply 5 ppm carbendazim.

Control of green mold: (1) Lower the temperature and humidity of the mushroom house, increase ventilation, and cover the moldy areas with plant ash to block the spread of mold spores; (2) Take 9 parts quicklime, 1 part carbendazim, and an appropriate amount of water, mix well, and brush it onto the moldy areas; (3) When cultivating with raw materials, add 100 grams of kemeiling per 100 kg of dry material, which can completely prevent mold growth; (4) Sprinkle potassium permanganate granules on the moldy areas, then spray water around the outer edges; (5) Soak the mold with 5% lime water; after the mold disperses, drain off the lime water and add new material; (6) Coat the moldy areas with 95% alcohol or kerosene, ignite and burn them, then dig them out and fill in new material.

Control of bacteria: (1) The culture medium must be thoroughly sterilized; during sterilization, the temperature, pressure, and time must all meet the requirements; (2) After the culture medium is prepared, place it in a 30°C incubator for one day before use to ensure that the culture medium is free of bacterial contamination; (3) Antibiotics can be added to the culture medium, usually at 100-200 units per milliliter.