Pretreatment Methods and Pest and Disease Control for Edible Mushroom Greenhouses Before Use

After each cultivation season is completed, the mushroom fruiting greenhouse must be disinfected and disinsected. This is because edible mushrooms grow in an open environment, where various contaminating microorganisms and insect pests occur, and the small environment inside the greenhouse naturally accumulates many harmful organisms. The simple, easy-to-implement, safe and effective treatment procedures and methods are as follows:

(1) Uncover the greenhouse and expose it to the sun. This is the first step after the greenhouse has been used. Uncovering the greenhouse and exposing it to the sun allows harmful organisms inside to disperse with the wind on the one hand, reducing population density; on the other hand, drying and ultraviolet rays can kill molds and other contaminating microorganisms that mainly harm edible mushrooms, and can also cause the eggs of some insects to dry out and die. If conditions permit, after fruiting (of mushrooms or wood ears) is finished, clear the greenhouse and sweep it immediately, then immediately uncover and air-dry it until it is used for the next crop.

(2) Spray or brush with limewater. Lime is a strongly alkaline substance and has a very good killing and inhibitory effect on many molds that harm edible mushrooms. It is also a non-chemically synthesized substance and is environmentally friendly. Where disease is severe, sealed sulfur fumigation can be used, with an amount of 50 grams per sq m.

(3) Replace the surface soil. In greenhouses cultivated for several crops year after year, more harmful organisms and harmful substances will accumulate in the ground, affecting the growth of edible mushrooms in the next crop, especially for types cultivated semi-openly with fermented substrate. Dig out the topsoil 10-15 cm deep and replace it with clean new soil, which has a significant effect on reducing the occurrence of pests and diseases in the next crop.

(4) Insect killing. For greenhouses with severe pest and disease occurrence, sealed insect killing should be carried out before clearing the greenhouse. The specific method can use a 1000-fold dilution of 5% fipronil (Regent) spray, with a spray amount of 1.5-2.0 grams per 100 sq m. Special attention should be paid to spraying the pesticide on gaps, wall corners and other places to ensure no dead corners in insect killing. After spraying, keep it sealed for 3 days, then transport the waste material out. If necessary, a second insect-killing treatment can be carried out.