September Mushroom Farming Recommendations and Key Points for Pest and Disease Control

Oyster mushroom: For farmers carrying out early-autumn cultivation, most of the mushroom spawn has entered the mycelial growth stage, some farmers' fruiting bags have entered the mycelial growth stage, and a few have already entered fruiting management. At this time, during spawn mycelial growth, the incubation room should be kept as dry and ventilated as possible, and contamination by molds such as Neurospora and Mucor should be strictly controlled and prevented; during mycelial growth of the fruiting bags, "spawn burning" must be strictly prevented, and a 100-150 times dilution of Mushroom Disease Eliminator King solution can be sprayed on the space and walls of the incubation room (shed) every 3-5 days. Those that have entered fruiting management should pay attention to pest prevention; the main serious pests include springtails, mushroom gnats and nematodes, which can be thoroughly eliminated with aluminum phosphide before fruiting or between flushes.

Enoki mushroom: For those cultivated in ordinary residential houses or plastic greenhouses, according to the market supply plan, spawn or stock cultures can be made this month. It is very necessary to appropriately lower the C/N (carbon-to-nitrogen ratio) of the cultivation substrate. The basic formula is: 70 kg cottonseed hulls, 20 kg sawdust (or corncobs), 10 kg wheat bran. On this basis, the amount of wheat bran can be appropriately increased to raise the proportion of organic nitrogen in the substrate so as to increase the mycelial growth speed. Management during mycelial growth is the same as for oyster mushroom and shiitake, paying attention to pest prevention and removal of contaminated material.

Button mushroom: Sowing is carried out in the first ten days of the month. Note: the composting and decomposition degree of the substrate, and strictly prohibit bringing contaminated material and pests into the shed; strictly inspect the spawn, and resolutely do not use spawn that is clustered, aged or water-soaked; spawn that has undergone long-distance transport should also be checked for carrying (mites); wheat grain substrate with sour or foul odor should be discarded; pay attention to ventilation 3 days after sowing, and so on.

When producing lion's mane mushroom spawn, note that the substrate pH must not be too high; maintaining it at a medium level is more suitable, and drugs such as carbendazim or lime must not be added.

The mycelial growth of shiitake mushroom bags is nearing completion. In the early autumn season, the temperature difference is relatively large, so take care to prevent certain insects from entering the incubation room at night. Moreover, under the condition that grain production is still the main priority during the busy farming season, pay attention to reasonably arranging mushroom production and field work so that the two do not conflict in terms of time and labor.