Autumn cultivation of edible fungi requires passing five critical stages successfully, with a detailed explanation of planting methods

1. Substrate ratio and nutrition stage: In general production, cottonseed hulls, corn cobs and other straw materials are mostly used as raw materials, but the nutrition of all raw materials is mainly carbon-based. The lack and imbalance of nutrients fundamentally cannot meet the growth needs of edible fungus mycelium. Although mushrooms can still be produced, over months of management, the mushroom yield is very low. The reason is that the substrate is especially deficient in medium and trace elements, which is the main problem, leading to weak mycelium and poor resistance. The result is inevitably severe contamination and low yield. Therefore, adding edible fungus three-dimensional nutrient essence to the formula can make the nutrition comprehensive and rich, the mycelium robust and vigorous, with high resistance to miscellaneous bacteria and diseases, thus achieving the ideal mushroom production state.

2. Mushroom shed disinfection and sterilization stage: At present, mycelium incubation or mushroom production is mostly carried out in greenhouses. Therefore, disinfection and sterilization inside the shed should be carried out according to strict and thorough principles, without leaving things to chance. Especially for old mushroom sheds, which harbor large amounts of miscellaneous bacteria and pathogenic bacteria. Many mushroom growers are busy with sowing and production, and coupled with a lack of preventive awareness and concept, they often neglect disinfection and sterilization treatment of the mushroom shed, resulting in large-scale contamination, and sometimes even irreparable losses. Treatment method: Repair the mushroom shed, remove grass mats and other coverings, repair or replace the shed film, then irrigate with 800-fold phoxim along with water, then spray Baibingsha solution in a carpet-like manner, seal the mushroom shed, and expose to strong sunlight for

2-3 days, then repeat the application once more, seal for 2 days, then open for ventilation, spread lime powder on the ground, after which the inoculated mushroom bags can be moved in for mycelium incubation.

3. Sterilized substrate inoculation operation stage: The requirement for sterilized substrate inoculation is standardized operation. The traditional method is to use potassium permanganate, formaldehyde or smoke agents for fumigation treatment before inoculation. On one hand, this causes inoculation personnel to suffer greatly from the chemicals, especially formaldehyde, which is a carcinogenic substance with a long residual period and large residual amount. According to relevant regulations for green food, it should be prohibited in edible fungi. On the other hand, the irritation of chemicals, the inconvenience of operating inside the inoculation box, and the high labor intensity make workers very exhausted. During prolonged operation, it is inevitable that they become lax and non-standardized, thus keeping the contamination rate high. The author uses an "edible fungus inoculation purification machine" for inoculation operations. After turning on the machine for 10 minutes, inoculation can be carried out in the breeze emitted by the machine. It is harmless to the human body, has good contamination prevention effect, and a high inoculation success rate, making the inoculation operation easy and effortless.

4. Disease and pest stage during mycelium incubation: Although the mushroom shed has been thoroughly disinfected and sterilized in the earlier stage, during the mycelium incubation period, the entry and exit of management personnel, continuous ventilation, and so on will inevitably bring new miscellaneous bacteria and pathogenic bacteria into the shed. Therefore, the risk of contamination still exists. So, preventive work cannot be relaxed in the slightest. Generally, Baibing Quwuzong or Saibai 09 can be used to prevent and inhibit pathogenic bacteria, and cypermethrin to kill insects. The main application direction is on walls, ground, ventilation openings, and doorways, with a small amount of spraying in the air.

5. Prevention stage during mushroom production: Throughout the entire mycelium incubation period, in addition to adhering to chemical prevention, one should also closely observe the "movements" of miscellaneous bacteria and diseases. Upon discovering initial contamination or disease symptoms, immediately carry out thorough treatment. The method is: use Baibingsha and other medicinal solutions to brush the contaminated patches, or directly spread medicinal powder on the contaminated areas, which can completely kill the pathogens. After chemical treatment of contaminated mushroom bags, those with light contamination can continue to produce mushrooms, and those with severe contamination, after killing the miscellaneous bacteria and undergoing treatment, can be used as organic fertilizer in the field.