High-Yield Cultivation Techniques for Agaricus blazei and Points to Note When Rehydrating Edible Fungi

1. Site selection and mushroom shed construction specifications: The mushroom shed site should be chosen as open ground with strong moisture retention, good ventilation, no ants, convenient transportation, and close to a water source; a standard mushroom shed has a cultivation area of 330 sq m per shed, that is, dimensions of 9.5 m × 12 m, with four cultivation racks built, the two middle racks having six tiers each and the side racks having five tiers each, with each tier measuring 1.5 m × 10 m.

2. Material preparation: Each mushroom shed requires 1000 kg of rice straw or sugarcane leaves, 3000 kg of bagasse, 3000 kg of cow dung, 500 kg of sawdust, 80 kg of urea, 100 kg of ordinary superphosphate, 50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, 300 kg of gypsum powder, 100 kg of lime powder, more than 300 bamboo poles of various sizes, and about 70 kg of iron wire.

3. Composting: Place a layer of grass cut into 40-60 cm lengths, sprinkle gypsum powder and urea on the grass, then place a layer of dung, sprinkle ordinary superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate on the dung, then sprinkle on bagasse, and continue in this way until the pile is complete, generally 7 layers of grass and 6 layers of dung. After 4 days of fermentation, turn the pile to mix the compost evenly and promote fermentation; 3 days after turning, the material can be moved into the beds.

4. Secondary fermentation: The material moved into the beds undergoes temperature-controlled fermentation inside the shed; raise the temperature to 60-62°C and hold for 20 hours, then lower it to 48-45°C and hold for 6 days, then lower it further to 45°C-30°C.

5. Turning the beds and spawning: After the secondarily fermented compost is leveled, loosened, and adjusted for moisture, spawning can begin; when sowing wheat-grain spawn, proceed layer by layer with more spawn in the lower layers and less in the upper layers.

6. Management: During the mycelial growth period after spawning, strengthen the sealing of the mushroom shed and keep it dark; after about 20 days, when the mycelium has grown to the bottom, cover with soil 4-4.5 cm deep; during the mushroom-growing period, maintain a temperature of 18-25°C, strengthen ventilation and air exchange, keep the air inside the shed fresh, and ensure sufficient scattered sunlight enters the shed.

7. Timely harvesting: The harvesting time of Agaricus blazei directly affects the yield and commercial value of the mushrooms; harvesting too early affects yield, and harvesting too late affects quality; when the fruiting body has grown to the point where it is about to leave but has not yet left the stipe, it can be harvested.

2. Material preparation: Each mushroom shed requires 1000 kg of rice straw or sugarcane leaves, 3000 kg of bagasse, 3000 kg of cow dung, 500 kg of sawdust, 80 kg of urea, 100 kg of ordinary superphosphate, 50 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, 300 kg of gypsum powder, 100 kg of lime powder, more than 300 bamboo poles of various sizes, and about 70 kg of iron wire.

3. Composting: Place a layer of grass cut into 40-60 cm lengths, sprinkle gypsum powder and urea on the grass, then place a layer of dung, sprinkle ordinary superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate on the dung, then sprinkle on bagasse, and continue in this way until the pile is complete, generally 7 layers of grass and 6 layers of dung. After 4 days of fermentation, turn the pile to mix the compost evenly and promote fermentation; 3 days after turning, the material can be moved into the beds.

4. Secondary fermentation: The material moved into the beds undergoes temperature-controlled fermentation inside the shed; raise the temperature to 60-62°C and hold for 20 hours, then lower it to 48-45°C and hold for 6 days, then lower it further to 45°C-30°C.

5. Turning the beds and spawning: After the secondarily fermented compost is leveled, loosened, and adjusted for moisture, spawning can begin; when sowing wheat-grain spawn, proceed layer by layer with more spawn in the lower layers and less in the upper layers.

6. Management: During the mycelial growth period after spawning, strengthen the sealing of the mushroom shed and keep it dark; after about 20 days, when the mycelium has grown to the bottom, cover with soil 4-4.5 cm deep; during the mushroom-growing period, maintain a temperature of 18-25°C, strengthen ventilation and air exchange, keep the air inside the shed fresh, and ensure sufficient scattered sunlight enters the shed.

7. Timely harvesting: The harvesting time of Agaricus blazei directly affects the yield and commercial value of the mushrooms; harvesting too early affects yield, and harvesting too late affects quality; when the fruiting body has grown to the point where it is about to leave but has not yet left the stipe, it can be harvested.