What are the cultivation methods for Clivia (Clivia miniata)?

Propagation and cultivation (1) Propagation: mainly using the division method and the sowing method. How does Clivia grow? Clivia usually uses only two propagation methods: one is sexual reproduction, namely the sowing and propagation method; the other is the division method used in asexual reproduction. Large-flowered Clivia is more commonly used for sowing and propagation. The advantage of the breeding method is that they can be multiplied to meet the needs of many growers. However, artificial pollination must be carried out before sowing and propagation. It is better to carry out different plantings, as the pollination rate of different plants is very high. Robust plants can usually reach a rate of 10 nodes after being propagated with different plants; grain. The pollination method is: when the flower has split open for 2-3 days, when the bud is mature and the stigma has mucus secretion, it is the time for pollination. When pollinating, use a new brush to pick up the pollen from the stamen, then gently shake it onto the pistil's stigma. To improve the fruit-setting rate, pollination can be carried out once every 9-10 hours and at 2-3 pm. The seeds mature after about 8-9 months. When the pericarp changes from green to dark purple, the ear can be cut off and the seeds stripped after 10-20 days. Before sowing, put the seeds in warm water at 30-35°C for 20-30 minutes, remove them, and dry them for 1-2 hours. (If you can soak them in a 10% sodium phosphate solution for 20-30 minutes, take them out and wash them. If you soak them in clean water for 10-15 hours, it will be even better. They can be planted into the culture soil. Place the planted pot at a room temperature of 20-25°C, keeping the humidity at about 90%, and germination occurs in about 1-2 weeks. The radicle is produced. One of the tasks that must be completed for sowing and propagation is to first prepare the culture soil. There are many materials that can be used to produce culture soil, but one of the more easily obtainable materials is to use loose soil with sufficient humus from the forest surface and mix it with 1/3 clean fine sand. Clivia likes slightly acidic soil, with a pH value between 6 and 6.5. The time required to propagate Clivia by the sowing method is not strict. It can be sown in spring, autumn and winter, but temperature is an important condition. It is better to sow at a temperature of 20-25°C to suit the temperature requirements of the bacteria. . How does Clivia reproduce asexually? The asexual reproduction of flowers includes cuttings, division, beading, grafting, etc., but the asexual reproduction of Clivia is usually based only on the division method. Using this method is more common. To propagate using the division method, first do some preparation work: 1 The potted plant should be prepared for the potted plant. The pot is preferably a pot. Do not buy porcelain and ceramics because their surfaces are beautiful, because their air permeability is poor. It is not conducive to the growth and development of the plant. 2 Prepare medium soil, preferably sterilized. If fine sand is mixed with humus soil, the humus soil should be sprayed and sterilized with a 1000-2000 times aqueous solution of potassium permanganate; fine river sand should also be rinsed and sterilized with boiling water to prevent the seedlings from being infected by bacteria. 3 Prepare a little charcoal powder to apply to the wound to absorb moisture and prevent rot. 4 The cutting knife is sharp, and finally dry-ground on a whetstone (without water) dozens of times, so that the knife body is highly heated and bacteria are killed. In the case of division, the mother plant of Clivia is first gathered from the pot, and perennial buds can be found. If the daughter strain is born on the outer edge of the mother plant and the plant is very small, you can hold the bulb part with one hand and pinch the base of the daughter plant with the other hand, then tear off the sucker. Remove the daughter plant from the mother; if the daughter strain is very thick and difficult to separate, the prepared sharp knife should be used to cut it off. Do not use force, so as not to damage the seedling. After cutting the seed, the wound should immediately be coated with dry charcoal powder to absorb the liquid and prevent rot. Next, plant the seedling in the pot. When planting, the planting depth should bury the basal pseudobulb of the daughter plant, the seedling part should be slightly higher, and sterilized sand should be covered. After planting, pour water immediately. After the wound heals 2 weeks later, add a layer of culture soil. It usually takes 1-2 months to produce new roots and 1-2 years to the flowering period. Clivia propagated by the division method is relatively stable genetically and can maintain the various characteristics of the original species. (2) Planting 1 Soil: Clivia is suitable for soil rich in humus. This soil has good air permeability, good water permeability, and is fertile and slightly acidic (pH6.5). Mixing about 20% sand into humus soil is beneficial for rooting. When growing, as the plant grows, the pot gradually increases. When planting one-year-old seedlings, use a 3-inch pot. In the first year, a 5-inch pot will be replaced. After every 1-1 to 2 years, a larger one will be replaced. The pot can be changed in spring and autumn. 2 Watering: Clivia has a relatively developed fleshy root, and the root stores [2] a certain amount of water, so this flower is more drought-tolerant. However, drought-tolerant flowers should not be severely short of water, especially in summer high temperatures and dry air. Do not forget to water in time. Otherwise, the roots and leaves of the flower will be damaged, causing new leaves to sprout and the original leaves to scorch, which is estimated to not only affect flowering but even cause the plant to die. However, too much watering will cause rot. Therefore, we must master it and always pay attention to the dry and wet conditions of the potted soil. Water once when it is semi-dry, but the amount of watering should not be too much. Keeping the pot soil moist but not soggy is correct. So, how many times do you want to water in a few days? Under normal circumstances, water once a day in spring; when watering in summer, you can use a fine watering can to water the leaves and the surrounding ground together on sunny days, 2 times a day; once every other day in autumn; once a day in winter; once a week or less in winter. But it must be pointed out that this refers to "general circumstances." It must be flexibly adapted to various specific situations. For example, more water is needed on sunny days; less watering on cloudy days, and water once every few days on cloudy days; when the air temperature is high and the air is dry, it should be watered several times a day; if the flower pot is large, because a large amount of water is stored in the soil, it will not dry out, and it can be watered less; if the flower pot is small, the water evaporates easily, and an appropriate amount of water should be poured. The flower pot should be placed in a well-ventilated place where evaporation is easy. It should be watered an appropriate amount; if ventilation is poor, the evaporation rate is slow, and the air humidity is high, then water less. Seedlings can be watered less; the flowering period needs more watering. In short, it depends on the specific situation to ensure that the pot is soft, not too dry and not too damp. Of course, it is best to use magnetized water; second, rainwater, snow, or domestic water from rivers, third, water from ponds, and the worst is tap water. If flower growers living in large cities only have tap water, then you can put the tap water into a small water tank or basin, and then pour it after 2-3 days. This will precipitate some harmful impurities in the water. In addition, the substances contained in the water can be oxidized and purified, and the temperature of the water can be close to the humidity of the potted soil, so that it will not be too cold or too hot and the plant will be damaged. 3 Fertilization: Many flowers are heavy feeders, but the fertilization of heavy-feeding flowers is also limited. Excessive fertilization is unfavorable for growth, and may even cause root damage or scorching of the plant. Clivia also belongs to this type of plant and must be fertilized moderately. The amount of nutrients required by flowers at different growth and development stages is also different. Therefore, different fertilization methods suitable for the plant's needs should be adopted at different periods. Such as base fertilizer, topdressing, and foliar fertilization. (1) Base fertilizer (or basal fertilizer). The purpose is to create conditions for the growth and development of the plant to meet its nutritional needs. It must be used when Clivia is repotted every 2 years. Commonly used manure (that is, livestock manure), compost, green manure and bean cake fertilizer are applied to the soil. (2) Topdressing. Mainly to promote the growth of the plant. Clivia can use fertilizers such as cake fertilizer, fish meal and bone meal. Less is applied initially. Subsequently, as the plant grows and the leaves increase, the amount of fertilizer gradually increases. When fertilizing, the potted soil can be applied to a depth of 2-3 cm, but care should be taken not to put too much fertilizer into the root system, so as to avoid burning the roots. Applying this solid fertilizer once a month is enough, and it should not be too concentrated. (3) Liquid topdressing. After the liquid fertilizer is made, pour the supernatant of the soaked plants and materials into 30-40 times water, then pour it into the potted soil. Small seedlings should be 40 times water, medium seedlings should be 30 times water, and large seedlings should only be 20 times water. After pouring the fertilizer, water once every 1-2 days (the amount of water should not be too much), so that the fertilizer penetrates into the potted soil and fully exerts its fertilizer effect. Before pouring liquid fertilizer, do not water for 1-2 days, so that the potted soil will be drier and then fertilized, which is more effective. The best time to fertilize is in the morning; when pouring, the fertilizer should be poured along the pot, taking care to avoid applying it to the plant and leaves. In addition, fertilizer varieties should also be applied differently according to the season. For example, in spring and winter, it is recommended to use some phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, such as fish meal, bone meal and hemp cake, which are beneficial to the formation of veins and the improvement of leaf gloss; in autumn, appropriately apply some rotten animal hair, horns, hooves or bean cake. Pour the leachate into 30-40 times water to promote leaf growth. (4) Topdressing. Fertilizing by this method mainly makes up for the lack of nutrients in the soil, solves the problem of the plant lacking fertilizer, and makes the seedlings grow quickly and the flowers and fruits grow plump. External fertilization is to use a sprayer to directly spray the fertilizer diluted in water onto the leaf surface of the plant, so that the nutrient elements penetrate into the leaf tissue through the epidermal cells and stomata of the leaves, and are then transported to the whole body of the plant. Commonly used fertilization varieties are urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and superphosphate. When spraying, spray evenly on both sides of the blade. Spray once every 4-6 days during the growing season, once every two weeks during semi-dormancy, usually after sunrise, and the plant should stop after flowering. It must be pointed out that this method is only found when the plant is lacking fertilizer. Only available. If the plant is well-nourished and growing vigorously, it should not be used