Complete Guide to Plant Disease Classification and Formula Medications
Plant diseases refer to the phenomenon in which plants, under the influence of biological or abiotic factors, undergo a series of morphological, physiological and biochemical pathological changes, thereby affecting human economic benefits. The symptoms of plant diseases are mainly divided into five major types: discoloration, necrosis, rot, wilting and deformity. Different diseases require different formula medications, and we will now look at them in detail.
Common protective fungicides (contact fungicides): mancozeb, chlorothalonil, sulfur and copper formulations (such as Bordeaux mixture, copper hydroxide, basic copper sulfate, basic copper chloride, cuprous oxide, etc.).
Common systemic fungicides: carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, metalaxyl, triadimefon, diniconazole, difenoconazole, propiconazole, pyrimethanil, kresoxim-methyl, propamocarb, dimethomorph, cymoxanil, pyrimethanil, etc.
Broad-spectrum fungicides: chlorothalonil, mancozeb, thiophanate-methyl (converted into carbendazim within the plant, effective against leaf spots, powdery mildew and downy mildew, ineffective against downy mildew and late blight diseases), propineb.
Downy mildew and late blight diseases
Main diseases: downy mildew, late blight, white rust, Phytophthora root rot diseases, etc.
Biological prevention: Pythium oligandrum / Trichoderma / Bacillus licheniformis / berberine + sodium alginate
Chemical prevention: mancozeb / chlorothalonil + polyoxin / wuyiencin + humic acid / brown sugar
Early-stage formula: metalaxyl-mancozeb / mandipropamid / dimethomorph-mancozeb / cymoxanil-mancozeb / propamocarb hydrochloride + ethylicin + polyoxin / wuyiencin + humic acid / brown sugar
Mid-stage formula: fluopicolide-propamocarb (Infinito) / pyraclostrobin / oxadixyl-cymoxanil (Sandofan) / propamocarb (Previcur) + chlorobromoisocyanuric acid + polyoxin / wuyiencin + humic acid / brown sugar
Suitable crops: leafy vegetables, solanaceous fruits, cucurbits, legumes, alliums
If late blight occurs, increase the grade by one level and control quickly.
Tomato fruit-rib necrosis prevention: Nativo (trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole) + humic acid / brown sugar
Tomato fruit-rib necrosis treatment: Infinito (fluopicolide + propamocarb) + Sandofan (oxadixyl + cymoxanil) + humic acid / brown sugar
Downy mildew-type diseases
Main diseases: gray mold, leaf mold, sclerotinia rot, etc.
Biological prevention: Trichoderma / berberine / catechin + sodium alginate
Chemical prevention: mancozeb / chlorothalonil + polyoxin / wuyiencin + humic acid / brown sugar
Early-stage formula: iprodione / pyrimethanil / procymidone + difenoconazole + ethylicin / chlorobromoisocyanuric acid + polyoxin / wuyiencin + humic acid / brown sugar
Mid-stage formula: boscalid / cyprodinil + difenoconazole + ethylicin / chlorobromoisocyanuric acid + polyoxin / wuyiencin + humic acid / brown sugar
Leaf mold formula: difenoconazole + polyoxin + ethylicin + humic acid / brown sugar
Sooty mold formula: iprodione + difenoconazole + ethylicin
Suitable crops: leafy vegetables, solanaceous fruits, cucurbits, legumes, alliums
Spot and blotch diseases
Main diseases: brown spot, anthracnose, scab, leaf spot, early blight, etc.
Prevention formula: polyoxin / wuyiencin + sodium alginate
Treatment formula: azole fungicides + ethylicin + polyoxin / wuyiencin + humic acid / brown sugar
Scab prevention formula: mancozeb / carbendazim / thiophanate-methyl / chlorothalonil + sodium alginate
Scab treatment formula: triazoles (difenoconazole, propiconazole, flusilazole, tebuconazole) / imidazoles (prochloraz, triflumizole) / strobilurins (kresoxim-methyl, pyraclostrobin) / dicarboximides (iprodione) + kasugamycin + ethylicin + humic acid / brown sugar
Suitable crops: leafy vegetables, solanaceous fruits, cucurbits, legumes, alliums
Note: halve the dosage of azole fungicides during the seedling stage of cucurbits and legumes; use with caution on solanaceous fruits before flowering and fruit set.
Powdery mildew and rust diseases
Main diseases: powdery mildew, rust, etc.
Prevention formula: polyoxin / wuyiencin + sodium alginate
Treatment formula: azole fungicides / ethirimol / enoxastrobin + ethylicin + humic acid / brown sugar + silicon fertilizer
Suitable crops: leafy vegetables, solanaceous fruits, cucurbits, legumes, alliums
Note: halve the dosage of azole fungicides during the seedling stage of cucurbits and legumes; use with caution on solanaceous fruits before flowering and fruit set.
Root wilt diseases
① Fusarium and Verticillium wilt
Prevention formula: horseradish extract / copper acetate / copper sulfate + humic acid + EM/CM (Trichoderma harzianum may be used)
Treatment formula: hymexazol / metalaxyl-hymexazol + validamycin / pyrimidine nucleoside / polyoxin + rooting peptide + EM/CM
② Bacterial wilt
Prevention formula: horseradish extract / copper acetate / copper sulfate + humic acid + EM/CM
Treatment formula: streptomycin sulfate / zhongshengmycin / copper hydroxide / thiodiazole-copper + rooting peptide + EM/CM
③ Phytophthora root rot
Prevention formula: horseradish extract / copper acetate / copper sulfate + humic acid + EM/CM
Treatment formula: oxadixyl-mancozeb (Sandofan, with good effect against Phytophthora, Pythium and Albuginaceae fungi) / propamocarb (Previcur) + hymexazol + thiophanate-methyl + rooting peptide + EM/CM
④ Stem base rot
Prevention formula: horseradish extract / copper acetate / copper sulfate + humic acid + EM/CM
Treatment formula: thiophanate-methyl + hymexazol + pyrimidine nucleoside / polyoxin + EM/CM
⑤ Sclerotinia rot
Prevention formula: copper acetate / copper sulfate + humic acid + EM/CM
Treatment formula: iprodione / pyrimethanil / procymidone / dimethachlon + ethylicin + polyoxin
⑥ Gummy stem blight
Prevention formula: carbendazim / propineb + amino-oligosaccharin
Treatment formula: thiophanate-methyl + thiram + iprodione / difenoconazole + prochloraz
⑦ Damping-off and seedling blight
Prevention formula: horseradish extract / carbendazim / propineb + EM/CM
Treatment formula: thiophanate-methyl + hymexazol + metalaxyl-mancozeb / oxadixyl-mancozeb + Trichoderma harzianum
⑧ Root-knot nematode disease
Control formula: avermectin / phoxim / fosthiazate + chitosan + rooting peptide
Suitable crops: solanaceous fruits, cucurbits, legumes
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