How much is a jin of peanuts, and is growing peanuts profitable in 2019?

Since ancient times, peanuts have been recognized as one of the delicious and nutritious foods, and are therefore deeply loved by people. So, how much is a jin of peanuts this year? Is growing peanuts profitable in 2019? Let's take a look together!

I. How much is a jin of peanuts?

The price of peanuts varies depending on variety, place of origin, quality and so on. In-shell raw peanuts cost about 2-4 yuan per jin, in-shell dried peanuts about 5-6 yuan per jin, and shelled peanut kernels about 8-10 yuan per jin. Peanuts are grown throughout China, mainly in Liaoning, Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Jilin and other places, among which Shandong province has the largest planting area and the highest output.

II. The prospects for peanut cultivation

The latest data the editor found shows that China's peanut output already reached 16.8 million tons in 2017. Even so, major peanut processing enterprises and buyers still insist on supplying the market, keeping peanut prices rising. Peanuts produced in Shandong, a major peanut-growing province, sold for 14,400 yuan per ton, and this year the price has risen several times again, also the highest price currently in a major province this year. When exported to other countries, the price is also very stable, so there is no fear that peanuts will lack a market. The industry prospects for peanut cultivation are very good, because in recent years the various uses of peanuts and the fields they involve have increased, and in the future more other functions and development directions may be developed. At present, peanuts do not lack a market; at present, peanut growers should improve the quality of their peanuts.

III. The costs and profits of peanuts

The seedling cost for peanuts is about 230 yuan, the cost of fertilizer and equipment is about 600 yuan, and adding some labor costs and miscellaneous expenses, the total cost is about 1,100 yuan. If each mu yields 800 jin of peanuts and they are calculated at 2.8 yuan per jin, the net profit per mu of peanuts is about 1,000 yuan. Spring-sown peanuts give the best yield, and it can be even higher, with a net profit income of 1,500 per mu. If the peanuts are taken to be pressed for oil, the peanut oil pressed out sells for 20 yuan per jin on the market; ten jin of in-shell peanuts can press out 3 jin of oil, giving a total profit of more than 2,400 yuan.

The yield of spring-planted peanuts is generally greater than that of autumn peanuts, so farmers who want to increase their returns can invest more in spring peanuts, which also brings higher profits.

IV. Is growing peanuts profitable in 2019?

Growing peanuts in 2019 is profitable. Peanuts remain an important oil crop, and at the same time the development of other related industries has also made peanut sales channels broader and broader. As long as you master the correct planting methods, you can generally make money.

What medicinal herbs are most profitable to grow in rural areas now? What are the development prospects?

In rural areas, vast land and abundant resources are our unique advantage. Using the various terrains and natural environments of mountainous areas to grow Chinese medicinal herbs is a huge business opportunity. Nowadays, more and more friends are growing Chinese medicinal herbs, market demand has been continuously expanding, the circulation range of various medicinal herbs is getting wider and wider, and exporting them overseas is no problem at all. Today let the editor introduce to you what medicinal herbs are most profitable for farmers to grow in rural areas?

What medicinal herbs are most profitable to grow in rural areas?

1. Growing blackberry lily

The name blackberry lily is rather unusual, and many friends may not be very familiar with it. At present, the planting area of blackberry lily is not large; it can survive in ordinary areas, has low requirements for the growing environment, and can grow tenaciously whether in severe cold or extreme heat. Generally, growing blackberry lily takes about two years to harvest, and the current market price is quite high, about under 20 yuan per jin. The prospects are still very promising. While the planting base is small, everyone can look into it more.

2. Growing coix seed

Coix seed is something we are more familiar with; many friends buy coix seed to cook porridge, which has a whitening and de-swelling effect, and in recent years it has been more often classified as a health product. Coix seed is generally suitable for growing in warmer areas, and is fairly common whether used as a medicinal herb or as a coarse grain. Coix seed is generally sown in spring; spring is the season when all things revive, and each mu of land needs about five kilograms of coix seed. For the growing methods of coix seed, everyone can refer to peanut cultivation techniques; they are basically similar. If you are sowing over a large area, it is recommended that you choose machines instead, which can save manpower. Field management of coix seed is very convenient, there are not too many pests and diseases to watch out for, and the harvest per mu is also fairly good. Everyone can give it a try.

3. Growing cassia seed

Everyone already knows about cassia seed; many friends learned about it because it can brighten the eyes and improve vision. Drinking cassia seed soaked in water is the most common method; drinking more cassia seed can make vision clearer and relieve eye fatigue. Nowadays quite a lot of people grow cassia seed. Similar to coix seed, cassia seed also does not require much field management to watch out for and has high adaptability. Market demand is large, and the prospects are also fairly promising.

4. Growing astragalus

Our website has introduced astragalus to everyone in detail many times; some friends may have seen less of it. Astragalus has very great effects, and as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, our country has a long history of growing astragalus. Astragalus only needs to be planted on suitable semi-sandy and sandy soil; clay soil is also fine, which is also to let it grow better. Astragalus on the market is priced according to quality; the better the quality, the higher the price.

That is all that Tuliu.com will introduce to everyone today about what medicinal herbs are most profitable for farmers to grow. There are now many kinds of planting projects; everyone should remember not to blindly follow the trend, and finding what suits you is the most important thing.

Poinsettia cultivation methods and precautions

Poinsettia growth habits

Poinsettia originates from the Taxco region of Mexico in Central America and was introduced to the United States in 1825 by Joel Roberts Poinsett, the first U.S. ambassador to Mexico. It is a short-day plant and likes warmth, with an optimal temperature of 18-25°C, 18-24°C from April to September, 13-16°C from September to April of the following year, and a winter temperature not lower than 10°C. It likes moisture; poinsettia is relatively sensitive to water, and during the growing period it only needs a sufficient water supply. It likes sunlight; during the stem and leaf growth period it needs sufficient sunlight to promote rapid and luxuriant stem and leaf growth.

Poinsettia propagation methods

1. Cuttage propagation:

Poinsettia cuttage propagation mainly includes two methods, semi-hardwood cuttings and softwood cuttings, and there is also the old-root cutting method. No matter which cuttage propagation method is used, poinsettia cuttings should preferably be cut in the early morning, because at this time the water content of the cuttings is relatively sufficient. When cutting the cuttings, the cut should be smooth, and the split epidermis and xylem should be trimmed off to avoid water accumulation and rot, which would affect healing and rooting.

2. Layering propagation:

Poinsettia generally uses the air layering method, and the layering time is best from April to July. Choose lignified branches, generally healthy and plump branches from the previous year, and make a ring bark cut on a smooth part; the width of the ring cut is about the same as the thickness of the branch at the ring cut, generally 3-4 cm is suitable. After layering, roots generally grow in about two months, at which point it can be cut off and planted in a pot, forming a new plant.

Poinsettia cultivation methods

1. Soil:

Poinsettia likes loose, well-drained soil. Generally use 3 parts vegetable garden soil, 3 parts humus soil, 3 parts leaf mold, 1 part decomposed cake fertilizer, and add a small amount of cinder, mixed for use.

2. Temperature:

Poinsettia likes warmth and fears cold. In mid-to-late September each year, move it indoors and strengthen ventilation so the plant gradually adapts to the indoor environment; in winter the room temperature should be kept at 15°C to 20°C. This is exactly the period when the bracts change color and the flower buds differentiate. If the room temperature is below 15°C, the flowers and leaves will develop poorly. After mid-December it enters the flowering stage, and ventilation should be gradually increased.

3. Light:

Poinsettia likes sufficient light and is strongly phototropic; it is a short-day plant. It should receive sufficient light throughout the four seasons, and this is even more important during bract color change, flower bud differentiation and flowering. If light is insufficient, branches tend to grow excessively and are prone to disease, and the flower color is dull; if placed in a dark place for a long time, it will not bloom and will lose its leaves in winter. To make it bloom earlier or later, light can be controlled; generally giving 8 to 9 hours of light per day allows it to bloom in 40 days.

4. Fertilizing:

Poinsettia likes fertile sandy soil. Besides adding organic fertilizer and horse hoof pieces as base fertilizer when potting and repotting, during the growing and flowering season apply a liquid fertilizer of sesame paste residue fully decomposed and diluted 5 times once every 10 to 15 days. After autumn begins, a 0.3% compound fertilizer can also be used, applied once a week for 3 to 4 consecutive times, to promote bract color change and flower bud differentiation.

5. Watering:

Poinsettia is neither tolerant of drought nor of waterlogging. Watering should be flexibly controlled according to the weather, the potting soil and the plant's growth. Generally, water to keep the potting soil moist without water accumulating, but after flowering, watering should be reduced. When watering, pay attention to evenness and prevent it from being too dry or too wet, otherwise the lower leaves of the plant will turn yellow and fall off, commonly known as "bare legs," or the branches will grow unevenly.

6. Pinching:

For poinsettia, about 3 weeks after planting, when roots have grown, it can be pinched, leaving 4-6 leaf nodes when pinching. Raise the temperature to a daytime temperature of 28-30°C and a nighttime temperature of 23°C, and spray frequently to increase humidity. After about two weeks, when buds are seen growing, slowly lower the temperature to 25-28°C during the day, and lower the humidity as well. During this period, according to the uniformity and fullness of the plant, carry out a second pinching, supplement nutrients, and combine this with treatment using a dwarfing agent.

7. Pruning:

Around Qingming Festival, repot dormant old poinsettia plants, cut off old roots and diseased or weak branches, and encourage them to sprout new shoots. During growth, pinch twice, the first in late June and the second in mid-August. In cultivation, heavy fertilizer and heavy watering should be controlled, especially before the plant's shape is set in autumn. When the branches grow to 20-30 cm, begin shaping and bending, with the aim of making the plant short and compact, with neat flower heads evenly distributed, improving its ornamental value.

8. Height control:

During poinsettia cultivation, plant growth regulators must be used to dwarf the plant height, so as to meet the requirement that commercial flowers have a consistent height. In addition, keeping day and night temperatures consistent during cultivation is also crucial, and it should be tracked and monitored at all times. When the day-night temperature difference exceeds 3°C, after sufficient pinching, spray 750 to 1,000 ppm chlormequat 1 to 4 times to inhibit stem overgrowth.

Precautions for cultivating poinsettia

(1) Poinsettia is relatively sensitive to water. During the growing period, as long as water is sufficient, the stems and leaves grow rapidly. On the contrary, lack of water or alternating dry and wet conditions will cause leaves to fall off. Therefore, water control directly affects the growth and development of poinsettia.

(2) Poinsettia is a light-loving flower. It grows robustly under strong light. Apart from needing shade and cooling in midsummer, it should have sufficient light in other seasons. Even in summer, shading will cause thin stems and enlarged leaves.

(3) Poinsettia enters the shed in mid-to-late October. When first entering the shed, open both ends of the shed to reduce the temperature difference inside and outside the shed, avoiding yellowing or falling leaves that would affect flower quality. In winter, keep the daytime temperature above 20°C, and the nighttime temperature must not be lower than 15°C, otherwise growth will be slow, which is unfavorable for bract formation; moreover, too low a temperature will also cause yellow leaves and leaf loss. Indoor poinsettias should be turned every day to maintain even light and prevent branches from growing crooked. After entering the shed, strictly control the watering amount for poinsettia; if humidity is too high, flowers and leaves easily become moldy and rot; if the pot lacks water, leaves easily turn yellow and fall off. After flowering, water less.

Poinsettia pest and disease control

1. Gray mold

[Symptoms] Gray mold mainly occurs in winter, exactly during the poinsettia flowering season. Once there is continuous rainy, humid weather without sunlight, it can harm poinsettia flower clusters, bracts, leaves and branches. Generally, water-soaked lesions first appear from the flower clusters. Afterward, the lesions are covered with a layer of pathogen conidia, and the pathogen continues to spread to the bracts. In the early stage, the bracts produce water-soaked discolored spots, which then gradually expand into irregular shapes; the pathogen then spreads to the branches, producing yellow-brown to brown lesions on the branches. In the later stage, the lesions clearly sink downward and appear dark brown, and in severe cases the lesion areas become dry and withered.

[Control] Taking advantage of the closed nature of the facility, create a high-temperature, low-humidity ecological environment to control the occurrence and development of gray mold. At night, indoor humidity in the facility is often above 90%. After raising the straw mat in the early morning, immediately open the ventilation openings to ventilate and remove moisture, reduce indoor humidity, and control disease development with a lower temperature. After 9 o'clock, when the indoor temperature rises faster, close the ventilation openings to quickly raise the indoor temperature to about 32°C.

2. Root rot

[Symptoms] It generally occurs more severely in high-temperature seasons, and is also very likely to occur when the cultivated soil has high water content. In the early stage, the plant shows wilting. If the stem base is examined at this time, a light brown constriction can be seen, but the infected plant shows no signs of putrefaction or hydrolysis. Later, the lesions gradually spread upward, and the wilting gradually becomes more serious. The stem lesions are slightly sunken and yellow-brown. In the later stage, the tissue at the lesions disintegrates, causing the plant to wither and die due to severe water shortage. Sometimes the whole plant becomes water-soaked and yellowed, eventually rotting and dying. White mycelium can be seen on the part near the ground, and in severe cases it can spread into the cultivated soil. When the roots are affected, root rot often results, initially affecting the plant's normal growth and in severe cases leading to death.

[Control] ① Implement crop rotation: rotate every other year in lightly diseased fields, and every 3-5 years in heavily diseased fields. ② Deep plowing and soil improvement: increase organic fertilizer application, carry out reasonable irrigation and drainage, and enhance disease resistance. ③ Strict seed selection: eliminate unqualified seeds. Dress seeds with 50% carbendazim wettable powder at 0.5% of seed weight. ④ When disease occurs, spray the stem base of peanuts with a 1,000-fold solution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, using 25-30 kg of solution per mu each time.

3. Leaf spot

[Symptoms] Leaf spot mainly occurs more severely in spring and summer, and the lesions mostly begin on old leaves. In the early stage, small purple-red to brown spots appear on the leaves, and the lesions are nearly round to irregular. Later, the lesions gradually expand, and most lesions can merge with each other to form one large lesion. In the later stage, the center of the lesion gradually turns gray-brown. In severe cases, the lesion tissue becomes gangrenous, causing the leaves to twist and dry up.

[Control] ① Remove diseased tissue promptly and burn it in a centralized manner. ② Crop rotation (soil can be changed in greenhouses). ③ Do not spray or water the plants. ④ Start spraying from the early stage of disease to prevent the disease from expanding and spreading.

4. Whitefly

[Symptoms] Adult and larval whiteflies like dense, shaded environments and gather on the upper leaf backs of poinsettia, using piercing-sucking mouthparts to suck sap, causing leaves to fade or develop chlorotic spots, affecting photosynthesis and leading to poor plant growth. The honeydew excreted by the insects often causes sooty mold. Adults are attracted to yellow.

[Control] Whiteflies are most vulnerable as newly mobile larvae, followed by newly emerged adults, which are sensitive to pesticides and suitable for spray control. Whiteflies generally occur in large numbers under high temperature and low humidity, with the peak period from late September to late November. The optimal control period is late September, and the spraying time is from 6 to 10 in the morning.