What are the key points to note in garlic cultivation? A detailed explanation of the key technical points

In recent years, garlic prices have been quite good, and garlic growers are very enthusiastic about planting garlic, all wanting to grow high-quality, high-yield garlic. However, during production, it is often found that some garlic plants develop severe yellowing of leaves in spring, which affects photosynthesis and ultimately restricts the improvement of garlic yield! What exactly causes severe yellowing of garlic leaves in spring? Today we will take everyone to gain an in-depth understanding of the causes of spring leaf yellowing in garlic and the control measures!

Climatic reasons

Garlic is a cool-season vegetable, and the suitable temperature for stem and leaf growth is12-16°C. When the temperature reaches26°C or above, leaf respiration becomes vigorous, water transpiration is high, and nutrient consumption is great. At this time, yellow leaves appear at the tips of the upper leaves of the plant, gradually developing from the leaf tip toward the base, and then dry tips appear. If dry hot wind occurs, the damage to leaves is even more severe; the earlier it occurs, the more severe the damage. In recent years, global warming, especially higher temperatures before winter, has meant that garlic is still sown at the originally determined sowing date, resulting in overly large seedlings before winter, high nutrient consumption, severe yellow leaves and dry tips, reduced cold resistance, susceptibility to freezing injury, and premature senescence in spring.

Measures: Sow at the appropriate time. The garlic sowing date should be postponed. It can be sown when the local average daily temperature is20-22°C, and film-mulched garlic should be sown7-10days later than open-field garlic.

Excessive fertilization

Research shows that when the fertilizer application rate for garlic exceeds150kgper mu, it will lead to excessive soil solution concentration and seriously affect the absorption capacity of the garlic root system.

Measures: When fertilizing, the principle of small amounts and multiple applications should be adopted, and the base fertilizer should be80-100kg.

Soil compaction

There are many reasons for soil compaction, but the main reasons are the following two. On the one hand, when growers fertilize, the amount of farmyard manure used is reduced or even not used at all, resulting in a serious shortage of soil organic matter and exacerbating soil compaction; on the other hand, due to the use of rotary tillage, the tillage layer is too shallow, and the lower soil layer is severely compacted, making it difficult for water to infiltrate after rain or irrigation, so that fertilizer cannot penetrate into the lower layer in time, causing an excessively high concentration near the garlic roots and resulting in root burn.

Measures: For sandy soil, because water permeability is relatively good, the root burn phenomenon can be alleviated by watering! For clayey soil, it is necessary to increase the application amount of organic fertilizer and carry out deep ploughing once every2-3year to break through the plough pan.

Severe continuous cropping

Continuous cropping is mainly caused by planting garlic year after year. After planting garlic year after year, pathogenic bacteria and pests become enriched in the soil, harming the normal growth of garlic, such as Fusarium wilt, root rot and other harmful pathogens.

Measures: The most effective measure to solve crop continuous cropping is to change the planted crop, which is what we often call crop rotation. However, many growers, for various reasons, do not like to rotate crops, so the only option is to heavily apply bio-organic fertilizer when fertilizing, improve the garlic growing environment, and enhance plant resistance.

Garlic degeneration and viral disease

Because garlic has long been propagated asexually using garlic cloves, garlic degeneration occurs, growth vigor decreases, and the ability to resist diseases and adapt to adverse environments declines. If improper cultivation measures are encountered, yellow leaves will appear and premature senescence will occur, seriously affecting the yield and quality of garlic scapes and garlic bulbs.

Measures: Select superior garlic seeds and carry out purification and rejuvenation. The nutrition of garlic from the germination stage to the pre-winter seedling stage mainly comes from the mother clove. Therefore, when selecting seed cloves, choose large cloves with plump garlic cloves, complete basal buds, strong top buds, white color, no wounds, no disease spots, and5grams or more for seed; also introduce virus-free garlic of superior varieties in a planned way; establish garlic seed fields or use aerial bulbils for propagation to restore seed characteristics and improve vitality, or cultivate virus-free garlic.