Detailed Explanation of the Preparation Method for Mushroom Spawn
Mushroom spawn is made by expanding mother spawn, and all mother spawn media can be used to prepare spawn. The preparation of spawn substrate is basically the same as that of mother spawn.
(1) Methods and steps for mixing ingredients
Cottonseed hull-bran medium (suitable for cultivating wood ear, enoki mushroom, nameko, oyster mushroom, etc.):
Cottonseed hull 44 kg, bran 5 kg, sucrose 0.5 kg, gypsum powder 0.5 kg.
Sawdust-bran medium (suitable for spawn of silver ear, black wood ear, etc.):
Sawdust 38 kg, bran 10 kg, gypsum powder 0.5 kg, sucrose 0.5 kg, magnesium sulfate 150 g, soybean powder 850 g, add water 47.5-52.5 kg.
Cottonseed hull-sawdust medium (suitable for shiitake spawn):
Cottonseed hull 20 kg, sawdust 19 kg, bran or rice bran 10 kg, sucrose 0.5 kg, gypsum powder 0.5 kg, water 30 kg. A pH of 6.5-7 is suitable.
Taking the cottonseed hull-sawdust preparation as an example: first weigh 20 kg of cottonseed hull, 19 kg of sawdust, 10 kg of bran, 0.5 kg of gypsum powder, and 0.5 kg of sucrose, add an appropriate amount of water and stir evenly; once the substrate is mixed, it can be put into polypropylene bags. When filling, fold the bottom corners inward, keep the tightness consistent from top to bottom, and compact while filling. Each bag can hold 300-375 g of dry material or 700-850 g of wet material. After filling the bag, insert a hole in the middle of the substrate to a depth of about 1 cun from the bottom of the bag, place a cotton plug at the bag opening, and tie the bag opening tightly. Sterilize on the same day after filling the bags to prevent the substrate from molding and spoiling.
Sterilization: When sterilizing bagged spawn, it is best to place the bags on their sides, not too tightly packed, leaving gaps to allow steam circulation. If using high-pressure sterilization, sterilize for 2.5 hours under a pressure of 13.1 kg per sq m. If using an earthen steam cooker, continue sterilizing for 8-10 hours after the temperature reaches 100°C.
