How to Grow Chinese Fringe Flower (Loropetalum) and the Price per Plant
Chinese fringe flower (Loropetalum), this is a plant that many people love to grow, it even changes color, and it is stunningly beautiful. What is the growing method for Chinese fringe flower? How much does one Chinese fringe flower cost:
Growing methods for Chinese fringe flower:
Chinese fringe flower is indeed fairly shade-tolerant, but if you want it to bloom more, of course it needs plenty of light. With more light its leaves look even better, and in autumn and winter the leaves of the whole plant turn purplish red.
Caring for Chinese fringe flower is not difficult at all; it adapts strongly to its environment. As long as the soil is loose and well drained, Chinese fringe flower will keep growing. Chinese fringe flower planted in the ground does not need watering, as it has a strong drought tolerance, and it will not easily freeze to death in winter either. It can be seen everywhere in southern regions.
Friends in the north can grow it as a potted plant, and can even cultivate it as a bonsai. Its ornamental value is also very high, and it is fairly shade-tolerant, drought-tolerant and tolerant of poor soil, but be careful to keep the soil slightly acidic; avoiding alkaline soil is quite important.
1. Growth notes
Chinese fringe flower has no particular requirements for its environment, but if you want more flowers or more luxuriant growth, you can give it a dilute liquid fertilizer 1-2 times a month during the growing season. This promotes continuous branching and more vigorous growth.
In care, pay attention to good drainage and avoid waterlogging in the soil. As for watering, it basically needs no management, as its drought tolerance is very good. Apart from regular watering during long droughts, potted plants are best watered with rainwater; avoid watering with tap water that has been left standing for a few days.
2. Shaping the plant form
Chinese fringe flower can be grown into a small tree and is also very suitable for making into a bonsai. Moreover, Chinese fringe flower is very tolerant of pruning and has very strong sprouting ability. Early autumn and early spring are the best times for pruning, and at other times of year you can lightly prune as you please.
Pruning promotes continuous branching and makes the plant form more attractive; for bonsai, it allows you to shape the plant form.
Chinese fringe flower bonsai is also excellent ornamentally. Although the plant form is not especially outstanding, its purple leaves paired with red ribbon-like flowers make it very attractive.
Besides pruning, during the growing season you can also promote branching and control the plant form by pinching off the tips and pinching out the growing points. This is especially true for potted Chinese fringe flower; after pinching, new branches generally grow in about 10 days.
In caring for Chinese fringe flower, give it as much light as possible to help it grow better, making it more robust and faster growing. Plenty of sunlight also lets Chinese fringe flower bloom more, and in autumn and winter the leaves become even more brilliantly colored.
Chinese fringe flower is a plant that rarely suffers from pests and diseases. If it is kept damp or stuffy for a long time, it easily develops leaf spot disease. You can promptly cut off diseased leaves and branches, promptly improve ventilation, and then promptly spray chlorothalonil or thiophanate to control it.
How much does one Chinese fringe flower cost:
Chinese fringe flower ranges from 0.1 yuan to 8000, which is closely related to the size and shape of the Chinese fringe flower sapling. When buying, you should check every specification clearly; a slight difference means a different price.
That is all for the growing methods of Chinese fringe flower; you should still pay attention when buying.
Growing methods for Chinese fringe flower
Chinese fringe flower, scientific name: Lorpetalum chindensevar.rubrum, also known as red fringe flower and red jimu. It is an evergreen shrub or small tree of the witch hazel family (Hamamelidaceae). It is mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and areas to the south, and in northern India.
Chinese fringe flower likes light and is slightly shade-tolerant, but in shade the leaf color easily turns green. It adapts strongly and is drought-tolerant. It likes warmth and tolerates cold. Its sprouting and branching ability is strong, and it tolerates pruning. It tolerates poor soil, but grows best in fertile, moist, slightly acidic soil. http://www.yuhuagu.com
During the growing season, apply a neutral foliar fertilizer diluted 800-1000 times as a foliar feed to Chinese fringe flower, spraying 2-3 times a month to promote new shoot growth. In the plum rain season in the south, take care to maintain good drainage. In the hot, dry season, ensure watering once in the morning and once in the evening, and spray water at midday to cool the plant. In northern regions, because the soil and air are dry, water promptly to keep the soil moist, and in autumn, winter and early spring spray water to keep the leaves clean and moist.
Pruning. Red fringe flower has strong sprouting ability and tolerates pruning. Carrying out light to moderate pruning in growing seasons such as early spring and early autumn, together with normal water and fertilizer management, will bring it into bloom in about 1 month, and the flowering period is concentrated. This method can promote new branches and new leaves, make the tree form more attractive, extend the red-leaf period, and can promote or control the flowering period. It is especially suitable for red fringe flower bonsai entered in flower shows and trade fairs, as it can enhance the display effect and promote product sales.
Leaf removal and shoot pinching. During the growing season, remove the mature leaves and branch tips of red fringe flower; after normal management, in about 10 days it will send out tender shoots again and grow bright red new leaves.
Choose a sunny environment for growing Chinese fringe flower, or thin out the plants positioned to the southeast of and above the red fringe flower, so that the red fringe flower grows healthily in ample sunlight and its flower color and leaf color become more brilliant, thereby enhancing its ornamental value.
Growing methods and precautions for Chinese fringe flower
Chinese scientific name: (Chinese fringe flower)Latin scientific name: Loropetalum chinense var.rubrumOther names: red jimu, red zhimuKingdom: PlantaeDivision: AngiospermsClass: DicotyledonsSubclass: ArchichlamydeaeOrder: RosalesSuborder: SaxifragineaeFamily: HamamelidaceaeSubfamily: HamameloideaeTribe: HamamelideaeGenus: LoropetalumSpecies: Loropetalum chinenseDistribution area: China, IndiaChinese fringe flower, also known as: red jimu, red zhimu, red zhimu, red fringe flower, red zhihua, red zhenhua, red-flowered loropetalum. Latin scientific name: Loropetalum chinense var.rubrum. It is a variety of Loropetalum chinense in the genus Loropetalum, family Hamamelidaceae, and is an evergreen shrub or small tree. The bark is dark gray or light grayish brown, with many branches. Young branches are reddish brown and densely covered with stellate hairs. Leaves are leathery, alternate, ovate or elliptical, 2-5 cm long, with a short pointed tip, a rounded and oblique base, asymmetrical, with stellate hairs on both surfaces, entire margins, dark red. There are 4 petals, purplish red, linear, 1-2 cm long; flowers are borne 3-8 together in clusters at the ends of small branches. The capsule is brown, nearly ovate. The flowering period is April-May, and the flowering period is long, about 30-40 days; it can bloom again around National Day. The flowers are borne 3-8 together in clusters on a common stalk in terminal head-like inflorescences, purplish red. The fruiting period is August. It is mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and areas to the south, and in northern India. The flowers, roots and leaves can be used medicinally.1. Morphological characteristics
Shrub, sometimes a small tree, much branched, with stellate hairs on the branchlets. Leaves leathery, ovate, 2-5 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, with a sharp tip, a blunt base, unequal-sided; the upper surface is slightly rough-haired or hairless, dark green and lusterless when dry; the lower surface is covered with stellate hairs and slightly grayish white; there are about 5 pairs of lateral veins, distinct on the upper surface and raised on the lower surface, with entire margins; petiole 2-5 mm long, with stellate hairs; stipules membranous, triangular-lanceolate, 3-4 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, falling early. Flowers borne 3-8 in clusters, with short pedicels, white, opening before the new leaves or at the same time as the tender leaves; the inflorescence stalk is about 1 cm long and hairy; bracts linear, 3 mm long; the calyx tube is cup-shaped, covered with stellate hairs; the calyx teeth are ovate, about 2 mm long, falling after flowering; there are 4 petals, ribbon-like, 1-2 cm long, with a rounded or blunt tip; there are 4 stamens, with very short filaments, and the connective protrudes into a horn shape; there are 4 staminodes, scale-like, alternating with the stamens; the ovary is fully inferior, covered with stellate hairs; the style is very short, about 1 mm long; there is 1 ovule, hanging from the upper inner corner of the carpel.2. Growth habits
It likes light and is slightly shade-tolerant, but in shade the leaf color easily turns green. It adapts strongly and is drought-tolerant. It likes warmth and tolerates cold. Its sprouting and branching ability is strong, and it tolerates pruning. It tolerates poor soil, but grows best in fertile, moist, slightly acidic soil.3. Geographical distribution
It is mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and areas to the south; it is also distributed in northern India. It is produced in Liuyang City and Changsha County in Hunan, and Suzhou, Wuxi, Yixing, Liyang and Jurong in Jiangsu.4. Main value
Ornamental value
Chinese fringe flower has luxuriant branches and leaves and a graceful form, tolerates pruning and tolerates wiring. It can be used for hedges and also for making stump bonsai. When it blooms, the whole tree is covered in red flowers and is extremely spectacular. Chinese fringe flower is an evergreen plant, and its new leaves are bright red. Different lines differ in leaf color and flower color when mature, and leaf size also varies. In garden applications, the main considerations are the different effects brought by leaf color and leaf size.Chinese fringe flower is a precious native colored-leaf ornamental plant native to Hunan. It has strong ecological adaptability, tolerates pruning and is easy to shape. It is widely used in colored hedges, pattern flower beds, shrub balls, colored-leaf small trees, stump shaping, bonsai and other urban greening and beautification.
Economic value
The industrial development of Chinese fringe flower in China has a history of more than 20 years, and Hunan is the central production area. In 2004, the province's production area was 3500 hectares, with an annual output of 500 million seedlings and annual sales of 600 million yuan. After years of promotion and application, in 2004 China's red fringe flower production area reached 6000 hectares, with an annual output of 800 million seedlings and annual sales of 900 million yuan. Products are sold to more than 20 provinces and cities and exported to Japan, South Korea, Singapore, the United States, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Germany and Italy, becoming one of the distinctive products of China's flower industry.Chinese fringe flower is a variety of Loropetalum chinense in the genus Loropetalum, family Hamamelidaceae. It is an evergreen shrub or small tree, native to the evergreen broad-leaved forest zone at an altitude of 100-400 m in the Luoxiao Mountains at the border of Hunan and Jiangxi. It was discovered and named by the late famous forester Professor Ye Peizhong in spring 1938 in Changsha Tianxin Park. It is said that the tree from which the type specimen was collected was a wild plant transplanted from Liuyang Dawei Mountain by the park in spring 1935. This tree still exists; it is now 5 m tall, with a trunk diameter of 20 cm, a crown diameter of 42 sq m, and an age of about 150 years. Due to years of digging, the wild resources are on the verge of extinction and it has been listed as a key protected plant in Hunan Province.
The use of wild Chinese fringe flower resources in Hunan has a history of more than 70 years. In the early 1930s, farmers around Liuyang Dawei Mountain dug up wild seedlings and sold them to Changsha, Xiangtan, Zhuzhou and other places, and some landscaping departments in the province also came to Liuyang to purchase wild seedlings. In 1963, units such as Changsha Yuelu Park succeeded in cultivating seedlings by the branch air-layering method; in 1978, Changsha Martyrs' Park succeeded in raising seedlings from seed, but the genetic stability of seedling plants was not strong, with 15.8% reverting to type and becoming Loropetalum chinense, so seed propagation is rarely used in production; in 1982, the Changsha Nursery succeeded in raising seedlings by rooting cuttings of tender shoot branches. Because cutting-grown plants can maintain the excellent traits of the mother plant, can be cuttings-propagated multiple times within a year, and can be propagated in large quantities, this technique has been widely used in seedling production since the 1980s. Large-scale production of Chinese fringe flower seedlings began in Yonghe Town, Liuyang. In 1983, local farmers, taking advantage of the abundant wild Chinese fringe flower resources from Yonghe Town to Dawei Mountain, began relatively large-scale production of a series of products such as cutting seedlings, transplanted seedlings, shrub balls, bonsai and grafted old stumps, thereby driving the formation and development of the industrialization of Chinese fringe flower in the province. In October 1999, the Organizing Committee for the Recommendation and Promotion of China's Hometowns of Specialties awarded Liuyang City the honorary title of "China's Hometown of Chinese Fringe Flower," greatly raising the domestic and international profile of Hunan's Chinese fringe flower, and Chinese fringe flower became one of China's distinctive flower brand products.
5. Tissue culture
Explant: Select vigorous, pest- and disease-free stem tips, buds and branches of red fringe flower as explants. The best time to collect explants is July-August, when the contamination rate is relatively low.Culture medium: Tissue culture of red fringe flower includes primary culture, subculture proliferation and rooting culture. Tests show that for primary culture and subculture proliferation the medium can refer to MS+BA1.0mg/l+IBA1.0mg/l; for rooting culture the medium can refer to 1/2MS+NAA1.0-1.5mg/l+0.1% activated charcoal.
Culture conditions: The culture conditions for red fringe flower are generally: a temperature of about 20°C, a light period of 14h/d (14 hours per day), and a light intensity of 1500 LX (lux).
6. Cultivation techniques
Propagation methods
Grafting propagation: Mainly two methods are used, cut grafting and bud grafting. Grafting can be carried out from February to October. Cut grafting is best done before bud break in spring, while bud grafting is best in September-October. Using small and medium-sized plants of white fringe flower as rootstock for multi-head grafting, with strengthened water and fertilizer and pruning management, plants can leave the nursery within 1 year.Cutting propagation: It can be carried out from March to September. Choose loose loess as the cutting medium, ensure the cutting medium is airy and permeable with relatively high air humidity, keep it warm but avoid direct sunlight, and at the same time ensure the cutting environment is ventilated. Under warm and moist conditions, red fringe flower cuttings form red callus in 20-25 days, and after 1 month grow 3-9 new roots 0.1 cm thick and 1-6 cm long. The cutting method has a high propagation coefficient, but the growth is weaker and it takes a long time to leave the nursery, whereas multi-head grafted seedlings grow vigorously and leave the nursery quickly as finished plants, but are more labor-intensive. Softwood cuttings are taken from May to August, using semi-lignified current-year branches cut into 7-10 cm long cuttings with a heel, inserted 1/3 into the soil; the cutting bed medium can be perlite or a mix of 2 parts river sand and 6 parts loess or mountain soil. After insertion, build a shade frame, spray water in good time, and keep the soil moist; roots form in 30-40 days.
Seed propagation: Sow in spring and summer. Red fringe flower seeds have a high germination rate, germinating about 25 days after sowing, and in 1 year can grow to 6-20 cm tall and send out 3-6 branches. The new roots of red fringe flower seedlings are red and fleshy, and careful management is required in the early stage until the root system becomes lignified and turns brown, only then can extensive management begin. Because sexual propagation has a long seedling stage, slow growth, and produces white fringe flower seedlings (atavism), it is generally not used for seedling production but is used for red fringe flower breeding research. Seeds are generally harvested in October, sown in winter in November, or the seeds are sealed and dry-stored until sowing the following spring. After rubbing the seed coat with sand, the seeds are drilled in a half-sandy soil seedbed, germinating about 25 days after sowing, with a relatively low germination rate. One-year-old seedlings can reach 6-20 cm tall and send out 3-6 branches. After 2 years they can leave the nursery for planting out.
Management
Before transplanting red fringe flower, choose base fertilizer mainly of decomposed organic fertilizer, combined with broadcast or hole application of compound fertilizer, and take care to mix thoroughly so as not to damage the roots. During the growing season, apply a neutral foliar fertilizer diluted 800-1000 times as a foliar feed, spraying 2-3 times a month to promote new shoot growth. In the plum rain season in the south, take care to maintain good drainage. In the hot, dry season, ensure watering once in the morning and once in the evening, and spray water at midday to cool the plant; in northern regions, because the soil and air are dry, water promptly to keep the soil moist, and in autumn, winter and early spring spray water to keep the leaves clean and moist.1. Pruning: Red fringe flower has strong sprouting ability and tolerates pruning. Carrying out light to moderate pruning in growing seasons such as early spring and early autumn, together with normal water and fertilizer management, will bring it into bloom in about 1 month, and the flowering period is concentrated. This method can promote new branches and new leaves, make the tree form more attractive, extend the red-leaf period, and can promote or control the flowering period. It is especially suitable for red fringe flower bonsai entered in flower shows and trade fairs, as it can enhance the display effect and promote product sales.
2. Leaf removal and shoot pinching: During the growing season, remove the mature leaves and branch tips of red fringe flower; after normal management, in about 10 days it will send out tender shoots again and grow bright red new leaves.
3. Choosing a site for cultivation: Choose a sunny environment for cultivation, or thin out the plants positioned to the southeast of and above the red fringe flower, so that the red fringe flower grows healthily in ample sunlight and its flower color and leaf color become more brilliant, thereby enhancing its ornamental value.
Shaping
(1) Artificial spherical form: Red fringe flower is extremely tolerant of pruning and wiring for shaping, and the tree form is often artificial spherical. During the growing season, remove the mature leaves and branch tips of red fringe flower; after normal management, in about 10 days it will send out tender shoots again and grow bright red new leaves.(2) Natural clumping form: Red fringe flower has strong sprouting ability and strong branching, and can naturally grow into a clumping form.
(3) Single-trunk round-headed form: Choose one thick, strong branch to train as the trunk, remove the other branches, and when the trunk reaches the height above, head it back; on it choose one robust, upright branch as the extension branch of the trunk, that is, train it as the central leader. Thereafter, on the central leader select and retain 4-5 strong main branches evenly arranged around it, with the branches distributed in a staggered way above and below.
Red fringe flower is often used to make bonsai, and can be made into different forms of bonsai such as single-trunk, double-trunk, deadwood, curved-trunk and forest styles. The crown can be shaped into an elegant natural form, or into round disc shapes of varying sizes arranged in a pleasing, staggered way. Processing methods can use wiring, pulling and pruning. To make the trunk more rugged and aged-looking, a sharp knife can be used to carve the trunk, and the wounds heal very easily. In addition, it is also often used as a hedge.
Pest and disease control
Main insect pests
These include aphids, geometer moths, yellow noctuid moths, Daopan noctuid moths, large and small cutworms, and scarab beetles. Red fringe flower has a relatively strong resistance to pests and diseases, but branch dieback and insect boring have also been found during cultivation. Investigations show that the former is mostly caused by planthopper damage, and the latter is a symptom of damage by star longhorn beetles and brown longhorn beetles.
1. Condition: Aphids affect plant growth and induce sooty mold.
Control method: To control aphids, before bud break spray 5% diesel oil emulsion or 3-5 degrees Baume lime sulfur mixture to kill overwintering adults and eggs. Spray a second time after the flowers fall, and a third time in October in autumn.
2. Condition: Geometer moths and noctuid moths damage leaves as larvae, and in severe cases can eat all the tender shoots in 2-3 days.
Control method: To control geometer moth and noctuid moth larvae, spray 50% methamidophos at 1500 times dilution. Control early and when they are small.
3. Condition: Cutworms and scarab beetles bore into and feed on the root system as larvae. Cutworms mainly harm cutting seedlings and young seedlings, while scarab beetles harm large, medium and small seedlings alike.
Control method: The larvae of cutworms and scarab beetles are underground pests. The control method is to strengthen nursery management and not apply undecomposed organic fertilizer. Plow in winter to turn overwintering larvae to the surface to freeze to death. Use 3% carbofuran granules at 2 kg per mu, applied in furrows 10-20 cm deep in the soil.
Planthoppers
Planthoppers often use their ovipositors to cut red fringe flower branches and lay eggs in the branch tissue, which is one of the main causes of branch dieback. Planthoppers also use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to pierce the branch tissue of red fringe flower and suck the sap, causing the affected branches and leaves to wither and die.
There are 4 control methods for planthoppers
1. Spray 40% omethoate emulsifiable concentrate or 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate at 1000 times dilution during the damage period.
2. After the onset of winter, thoroughly clear the surrounding weeds and fallen leaves and burn them in a centralized way to eliminate overwintering pests.
3. In conjunction with pruning, cut off the damaged branches and leaves and burn them promptly to reduce the source of pests.
4. Protect the natural enemies of planthoppers, such as birds, ladybugs and parasitic wasps. Longhorn beetles have omnivorous feeding habits; adults gnaw the tender bark of red fringe flower branches and trunks, and larvae bore into the trunk, mostly entering from the base of the trunk. The damaged branches and trunks form holes, and the tunnels are filled with wood shavings and insect frass. Control is generally done by hand-catching adults and hooking out and killing larvae.
Common diseases of red fringe flower
Anthracnose, damping-off and mosaic disease. Anthracnose: mainly harms old leaves and basal leaves. Because the leaves themselves are red, the lesions appear as black round spots or nearly round spots, causing early leaf fall. Damage is severe in the rainy season in July-August. The pathogen is Actinonema. The fungus overwinters as mycelium on diseased leaves and is the initial infection source for the disease the following year.
Control methods: a. Remove diseased leaves and burn them in a centralized way to reduce the source of disease. b. Improve management, strengthen field drainage, prune appropriately, and improve light and ventilation conditions. c. Chemical treatment: spray 70% thiophanate-methyl at 1000 times dilution or 75% chlorothalonil at 800-1000 times dilution; zineb at 800-1000 times dilution has a good control effect. If spraying repeatedly, use them alternately to prevent resistance.
Damping-off
A serious disease at the seedling stage. It can harm plants from the seedling stage to the mature stage. The pathogen infects the young plant from the base and roots. The affected area produces dark brown lesions that appear water-soaked, and the bark easily separates from the woody layer and then constricts and turns dark brown, causing death. The pathogen is a fungus.
Control methods: a. Use new disease-free soil for transplanting, sowing and cutting, and disinfect the soil. b. Pull out and destroy diseased plants. Fertilizer used must be thoroughly decomposed. Do not use fresh household manure as base fertilizer. c. Before transplanting or sowing, apply 20% quintozene powder mixed with fine soil at a ratio of 1:30 onto the seedbed soil, or use dexon at 4-6 g per sq m.
Mosaic disease
Old and new leaves appear mottled white and green. Mosaic disease is caused by a virus and can be treated with virus A or other antiviral agents.
Planting methods
Specimen planting, clump planting and mass planting can be used.Specimen planting:Choose a plant with a tall, full form and plant it as a specimen in an important position or a focal point of view, such as near an entrance or in a courtyard or lawn, forming a scene on its own. Pay attention to creating a strong contrast with the surrounding landscape to achieve the effect of "a single red among a mass of green." It can serve as the central viewpoint of the landscape or guide the line of sight.
Clump planting:Plant Chinese fringe flower balls and other plants in clumps dotted through garden green spaces, which both enriches the landscape colors and enlivens the garden atmosphere. If planted in clumps with green tree species, they can add further beauty. Planting red fringe flower balls as the main tree species in groups and patches forms a scenic forest; its unique leaf color and form are beautiful in all four seasons. Its beautifying effect is far better than that of a purely green scenic forest.
Mass planting:Color blocks and pattern flower beds: Use one-year-old small Chinese fringe flower seedlings planted densely in green spaces to form color blocks. They can be combined with golden privet, spring-flowering azaleas, summer-flowering azaleas, golden-leaf elm, golden-edged boxwood and others, which not only forms color contrast through the contrast in leaf color but also allows the flowering periods to be staggered. For this kind of use, it is best to choose the Touguhong series.
Shrub balls
Prune Chinese fringe flower into a spherical shape and arrange it in green belts. Shrub balls are mainly divided into two types: rough balls and fine balls. Rough balls are mainly formed after 1-3 years of pruning and shaping and are mainly used in larger green spaces with somewhat extensive management; fine balls require at least 3 years of pruning and shaping and are mainly used in refined gardens such as villa courtyards. For this kind of use, it is best to choose the Touguhong series.
Colored hedges
Plant Chinese fringe flower densely to form colored hedges that serve to enclose and divide space. The seedling specifications should be selected according to the specific use of the colored hedge. For example, in green spaces a 70-80 cm colored hedge can be used to divide space, while colored hedges higher than 2 m are mostly used around the outer edge of green spaces to serve as a green wall.
Large color sculptures: Train or shape Chinese fringe flower in a directed way into green sculptures such as animals and geometric forms, and place them in green spaces as garden features. For this kind of use, it is best to choose the Touguhong series.
Stump scenery: Taking advantage of the fast growth, large leaves and sparse branches of the double-faced red type of Chinese fringe flower, train it in a directed way into large stump scenery for use in the greening of high-grade gardens, and it can also be used as the focal point of a flower bed for landscaping.
Street trees in residential communities: Through pruning control, train Chinese fringe flower into a colored-leaf small tree, or cultivate it by grafting onto white fringe flower; it is mostly used as a street tree in residential communities. For this kind of use, it is best to choose the Touguhong series.