Detailed introduction to the sesame variety Ezhi No. 1

Ezhi No. 1 was developed by the Xiangfan City Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Hubei Province using 82-262 as the female parent and Zhongzhi No. 8 as the male parent for artificial hybridization, followed by line selection breeding. The variety was fixed in 1991 and assigned the number 91-4116.

Characteristics and traits: In the institute's variety comparison trials from 1992 to 1993, Ezhi No. 1 averaged 83.77 kg per unit area, a 49.54% increase over the control Yuzhi No. 2, reaching an extremely significant level and ranking first. From 1994 to 1997, it participated in the Hubei Province sesame regional trial for 4 years and 20 site-times, averaging 59.44 kg, a 10.7% increase over the control Zhongzhi No. 10, ranking first. In 1995, it participated in the Hubei Province sesame production trial demonstration, averaging 86.75 kg per mu, a 22.1% increase over the control Yuzhi No. 6, ranking first; in 1996, in the Hubei Province new sesame variety display high-yield demonstration, across 11 counties and cities in the province, with a planting area of 21,300 mu, Ezhi No. 1 yielded 85-115.8 kg/mu, averaging 103.27 kg; in 1997, nearly 200,000 mu were planted in demonstration plots in the northern Hubei hilly land, and Lijiazhai Village in Laohekou City planted 400 mu of high-yield demonstration fields, of which 10 households harvested 147-156 kg/mu, a 26.66% increase over Yuzhi No. 9.

Ezhi No. 1 is a single-stem type, with three flowers, four ridges, white flowers tinged with purple, dense and medium-short capsules, white seed coat, thick stems, large leaves, and dark green leaf color. Plant height is 180-200 cm, with 150 capsules per plant, 65 seeds per capsule, thousand-seed weight low, and a whole growth period of 90 days. In the Hubei Province sesame regional trial from 1995 to 1997, the average stem spot blight disease index of Ezhi No. 1 was 6.9 lower than that of the control Zhongzhi No. 10. According to testing by the Oil Crops Testing Center of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ezhi No. 1 has an oil content of 59.18% and crude protein 18.6.

Breeder: Xiangfan City Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Province

The region and techniques are suitable for planting after wheat stubble, and spring sowing has greater yield-increasing potential. It is suitable for planting in Hubei, Henan, Jiangxi, Hunan, Anhui and other places. Spring sowing should be in mid-to-late May, and after wheat stubble sowing should be in early June. For medium-fertility fields, the density is 10,000 plants/mu; for spring-sown high-fertility fields, the density is 9,000 plants/mu. Fertilization level: apply 15 kg urea, 10 kg potassium chloride, and 40 kg superphosphate per mu. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be used as base fertilizer; half of the nitrogen fertilizer should be used as base fertilizer, and the other half as topdressing applied once each at the early flowering stage and the full flowering stage. Field management should include early thinning and final singling of seedlings, timely intertillage and weeding, and drought prevention and drainage, which can ensure high yield.