Introduction and Characteristics of the Suinong 14 Soybean Variety
This variety is a new medium-maturity spring soybean bred by the Suihua Agricultural Science Institute of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, using Hefeng 25 / Suinong 8 as the parent materials.
Characteristics: Suinong 14 has a growth period of about 120 days, with an active accumulated temperature of about 2486°C, and is a medium-maturity variety. It has a semi-determinate podding habit, medium-tall plant height, few branches, dense pods on the main stem, purple flowers, long leaves, thick dark green leaves, and gray pubescence. Internodes are short, pods are dense, and there are many 3- and 4-seeded pods. The seeds are spherical, the seed coat is bright yellow, the hilum is colorless, and the 100-seed weight is 21-22 g. The protein content is 41.72%, and the oil content is 20.48%. It has mild pest and disease problems, is moderately resistant to frogeye leaf spot, with a diseased-seed rate of only 1.69% and a pod borer rate of 2.5%; its stems are strong and it does not lodge, it likes fertilizer and water, and it has wide adaptability.
From 1991 to 1992, the variety's results in the institute's identification trial showed an average yield of 230.4 kg per mu, 17.4% higher than the control Hefeng 25; from 1993 to 1994, it participated in the Heilongjiang provincial regional trial, with an average yield of 161.9 kg per mu, 12.3% higher than the control Hefeng 25; in 1995, it participated in the provincial 4-site production trial, with an average yield of 157.1 kg per mu, 11.4% higher than the control Hefeng 25; in 1996, large-scale production yielded 173.3-200 kg per mu, and in 1997 it set a record high yield of 285 kg per mu.
Breeder: Suihua Agricultural Science Institute of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Regions and Techniques: Suinong 14 is suitable for promotion and planting in the second accumulated temperature zone of Heilongjiang Province, the upper limit of the third accumulated temperature zone, and the lower limit of the first accumulated temperature zone, as well as other northern spring soybean areas. It has now been promoted to parts of Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning and other regions, with a cumulative promotion area of 5.64 million mu, generating economic benefits of 210 million yuan. The maximum annual promotion area is expected to reach 7 million mu.
Cultivation Protocol:
1. Suitable soil: Avoid continuous cropping or planting on fields that previously grew the same crop as much as possible; the previous crop should mainly be corn, miscellaneous grains, or potatoes. Carry out deep plowing of 20-30 cm in autumn, then level and break up clods, and form good ridges. In the following spring, when the soil has thawed 10 cm, roll it once with a roller to prevent moisture loss.
2. Seed treatment: Carefully select seeds, with purity above 98%, cleanliness above 98%, and germination rate above 90%; carry out seed coating to control underground pests.
3. Sowing time: Sow from May 1 to 5 with a precision seeder, using 60-70 cm wide ridges with double-row precision dibbling on the ridge, or 45-50 cm narrow ridges with "banded" precision dibbling.
4. Fertilizer and water management: Apply seed fertilizer deeply, with 10-15 kg of diammonium phosphate, 5 kg of urea, and 5-6 kg of potassium sulfate per mu, placed 3-5 cm below the seed. In areas where conditions permit, irrigate appropriately at flowering, pod setting, and seed filling stages to increase the pod-setting rate and the degree of full seed filling.
5. Pest and disease control: If red spiders or thrips occur at the seedling stage, spray the field with 40% omethoate at 400-500 times dilution or use acaricides for control. In early to mid-August, before the peak emergence of soybean pod borer moths, use 80% dichlorvos to make toxic stalks for fumigation or spray with pyrethroid pesticides such as 2.5% deltamethrin to control the soybean pod borer.