Detailed introduction to the Yudou 24 soybean variety
Yudou 24 is a medium-maturity, disease-resistant, high-yielding new soybean variety bred by the Zhoukou Prefectural Agricultural Science Institute in Henan Province. Its parental combination is: [(Yudou 15 Yudou 10) F1//(Sidou 11/Zhou 8460) F1] F1///[(Sidou 11/Zhou 8460) F1//(Zhou 85054/Zhou 8265) Fl] F1.
Characteristics: Yudou 24 has an average growth period of 104 days in Henan Province, making it a medium-maturity summer soybean variety. It has a determinate podding habit, a plant height of 70 cm, is relatively resistant to lodging, and has 1-3 effective branches per plant. The leaves are elliptical, medium in size, and dark green; the flowers are purple, the pubescence is gray, the pod walls are brown after maturity, the seeds are yellow, and the hilum is light brown. There are about 46 effective pods per plant, and the 100-seed weight is 22.2 grams.
From 1993 to 1994, this variety participated in the Henan Province soybean variety regional trial, with a yield of 115.8-251.6 kg per mu and a two-year average yield of 179.8 kg per mu, an increase of 17.29% over the control GS Yudou 8; from 1996 to 1997, it participated in the Henan Province soybean variety production trial, with a two-year average yield of 173.5 kg per mu and a highest yield of 255.4 kg per mu, an increase of 10.2% over the control GS Yudou 8; its high-yielding performance and yield stability are relatively good.
According to laboratory analysis by the Agricultural Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, this variety has a protein content of 45.68% and a fat content of 18.36%, totaling 64.04%, meeting the national high-quality standards. According to resistance identification by the Institute of Plant Protection of the Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yudou 24 has strong resistance to the main soybean diseases and pests in the Huang-Huai region: it is resistant to soybean mosaic virus disease, resistant to soybean "zhengqing" disease, resistant to soybean purple seed stain, and has relatively good resistance to soybean pod borer.
Breeder: Zhoukou Prefectural Agricultural Science Institute, Henan Province
Region and technology: Yudou 24 is suitable for promotion and planting in the summer soybean region of the Huang-Huai River basin. At present, the promoted area has reached 2.36 million mu, and it is expected that by 2000 the cumulative promoted area can reach 10 million mu.
Cultivation regulations:
1. Land selection: Yudou 24 has no strict requirements for soil texture and is suitable for various types of soil in the Huang-Huai River basin. However, plots with medium-to-upper fertility, flat terrain, and convenient drainage and irrigation should be selected for planting.
2. Sowing date: The suitable sowing period is June 1-25, and sowing requires sufficient soil moisture.
3. Sowing rate and density: The sowing rate is 6 kg per mu, the suitable row spacing is 40 cm, the plant spacing is 10-13 cm, and the retained seedling density is about 16,000 plants per mu.
4. Field management: Thin seedlings and cultivate and weed 1 week after emergence, or use 20 ml per mu of high-efficiency haloxyfop plus 2 g of Kuocaqing 45 for chemical weeding to prevent overcrowding of seedlings and weeds. Apply pesticides in time to control insects at the seedling stage, flowering and podding stage, and seed-filling stage. If high temperature and rainy weather occur at the early flowering stage, spray multi-effect paclobutrazol and similar products to control excessive growth and prevent lodging; at the flowering and podding stage and seed-filling stage, irrigate in time to prevent drought.
5. Harvesting and threshing: "When the beans are ripe, the pods rattle." Harvest after most soybean leaves have fallen and the seeds have separated from the pod walls. When threshing by crushing, the spread on the yard should not be too thin, so as to avoid rotten seeds and flat seeds. When mechanically threshing, the rotation speed should be controlled at about 800 rpm to prevent seed breakage.