Detailed introduction to the Jidou No. 10 soybean variety
Jidou No. 10 is a new early-maturing summer soybean variety bred by the Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, using Williams/Line 7476 as the material.
Characteristics: this variety has a growth period of about 93 days, a compact plant type with few branches, semi-determinate podding habit, mainly podding on the main stem, with pods evenly distributed from top to bottom, a plant height of 80 cm, and a bottom pod height of 15-20 cm. This variety has uniform maturity and good yellowing, and is suitable for mechanical harvesting. According to testing by the Grain Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, the crude protein content on a dry basis is 42.8%, and the fat content is 20.73%, totaling 63.53%. The seed coat is golden yellow and glossy, with a 100-seed weight of 22 grams.
Jidou No. 10 generally yields 150-200 kg per mu, with a maximum of 300 kg. From 1990 to 1991, it participated in the Hebei Province summer soybean regional trial; the average yields per mu at 7 trial locations were 134.96 kg/mu and 154.70 kg/mu, increasing by 17.36% and 13.52% compared with the control Jidou No. 6, reaching an extremely significant level; in 1991, it participated in the Hebei Province production demonstration, with an average yield of 139.4 kg per mu, 9.4% higher than the control Jidou No. 6, ranking first. From 1994 to 1996, when planted in the Dezhou area of Shandong Province, it generally yielded 200-250 kg per mu, and the highest yield in field planting reached 305.3 kg/mu. In field planting, it showed disease resistance (resistance to mosaic virus disease and cyst nematode disease), lodging resistance, and drought and waterlogging tolerance.
Jidou No. 10 has wide adaptability. At present, the promoted area has reached 1.25 million mu, increasing soybean production by 31.25 million kg and creating economic benefits of 125 million yuan. It is expected that the maximum annual promoted area can reach 2 million mu.
Breeder: Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Regions and techniques: suitable for planting in the Huang-Huai-Hai summer soybean region including Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Beijing and Tianjin, as well as in Yunnan, Jiangsu and other places.
Cultivation procedures:
1. Pre-sowing preparation: Sun the seeds. Sunning the seeds can improve the seed germination rate and germination vigor, which is conducive to full stands and strong seedlings. Apply sufficient base fertilizer: for plots with land preparation conditions, apply 10 kg of diammonium phosphate and 5-10 kg of potassium fertilizer before sowing.
2. Sowing: Planting pattern. Generally, the "two dense and one sparse" wide and narrow row planting is preferable, or 30-40 cm equal row spacing can also be used. Sowing time: summer soybean should be sown before June 25 if possible. Sowing rate and seedling density: the suitable density for Jidou No. 10 is 20,000-30,000 plants, and the general sowing rate is 5-7 kg per mu; plots with good soil fertility and water-fertilizer conditions should be sown more sparsely.
3. Seedling stage management: Check and fill in seedlings. After emergence, check the seedlings promptly. Where there is a gap in the rows longer than 7 cun (23.3 cm), reseed or transplant sprouted seedlings in time, and water after planting. If there are too many seedlings, during the first compound leaf expansion stage, thin out small seedlings and keep large ones so that plant spacing is uniform and crowded seedlings are prevented. Cultivation and weeding: for plots where closed herbicides work well, cultivate and earth up 1-2 times before row closure; for plots where chemical herbicides have not been used, cultivate 2-3 times from the fourth compound leaf expansion to before row closure, and remove all weeds in the field. Water and fertilizer: for plots with base fertilizer applied, generally no additional fertilizer or watering is needed at the seedling stage; when drought seriously affects seedling growth, water promptly; for plots without base fertilizer, especially those with poor soil fertility, open furrows and apply 10 kg/mu of compound fertilizer. Pest and disease control: use 2.5% trichlorfon and 2% carbaryl powder, dusting about 2 kg per mu; or use poisoned bait such as methamidophos to control aboveground pests such as bean semilooper and aphids, as well as underground pests such as cutworms and white grubs.
4. Flowering and podding stage management: Fertilizer and water. At the flowering stage, apply 10-15 kg of urea as topdressing according to soil fertility and field growth. Pest control: the main pests include bean hawk moth, bean semilooper, cotton bollworm, etc. When the weather is dry, aphids and red spiders are prone to occur. Spray with 1000-fold dilution of 7% malathion emulsifiable concentrate, or use 2.5% trichlorfon, or use 2% carbaryl powder at 2-2.5 kg per mu, or use pyrethroid insecticides to control cotton bollworm.
5. Seed filling and maturity stage management: First, water promptly to meet the needs of seed filling and grain filling; second, spray plant growth regulators to prevent premature aging; third, control damage from bean pod borer, bean hawk moth, cotton bollworm, etc.; fourth, harvest at the proper time.