Eight Major Disease Prevention Measures and Key Technical Points for Mushroom Cultivation

In mushroom cultivation, to achieve high and stable yields, you must firmly master the following eight disease prevention measures.

1. Establish a concept of integrated control. The occurrence, and even the epidemic or development, of edible mushroom diseases follows its own patterns of development. On the surface, a disease may appear only at a certain stage of production, but the occurrence of disease requires quite a few conditions. Therefore, disease prevention should start from the source and continue until production is completely finished, and the intermediate steps must not be relaxed in the slightest, so as to thoroughly eliminate the channels through which diseases occur.

2. Selecting excellent virus-free spawn is an effective measure to ensure that the spawn carries no viruses or pathogens, to ensure that the mycelium is robust, and to improve the resistance of the mycelium. Virus-free spawn itself carries no viruses or pathogens; because the substrate and temperature are artificially regulated during the virus-free process, its adaptability and stress resistance to external conditions are also greatly improved; the virus-free process is at the same time a domestication process under harsh conditions, so that the spawn grows from the very beginning in a relative environment, and during gradual growth and development naturally strengthens its resistance and improves its disease resistance.

3. Strict disinfection treatment in the mushroom shed and the cultivation environment is the main means of eliminating surviving viruses and pathogens. First, manure piles, straw piles, garbage, and the like around the mushroom shed should be cleaned up thoroughly, and weeds should also be removed. Spray carbendazim-type fungicides at about 500 times dilution multiple times to thoroughly clean the environment. Second, for old mushroom sheds, the wall surface should be scraped off, and when conditions permit, about 1 cm of the surface soil can be removed. Finally, prepare a 50-times solution of Mushroom Disease Eliminator King and spray it over the entire floor of the shed in a carpet-like manner. Even the walls, corners, posts, and ventilation holes should be sprayed with the medicine, leaving no dead corners. Remove the covering from the shed film and let it be exposed to the sun; it can be put into use after about 5-7 days. This measure can relatively thoroughly kill diseases inside the shed. For pathogens, a 10-times strong glutaraldehyde solution or 200-times Jinxing disinfectant can also be used. Spraying a formaldehyde-prepared polyformaldehyde solution for sterilization also has a very good effect. Generally, the ratio of carbendazim:formaldehyde:water can be 1:2:100. If the disease was severe during the previous cultivation season, the medicine concentration can be appropriately increased. Finally, for mushroom sheds with severe original disease, the upper-layer frame poles, plastic film, and other items can be removed, straw and weeds can be piled inside the shed and set on fire for burning, the grass ash can be turned into the soil layer, the poles can be re-erected and the film re-covered, and then the medicine can be sprayed again; the effect is very good. During specific operation, choose windless weather and have appropriate fire-extinguishing means ready.