How good is the soybean variety Shandou 125?
The high-quality soybean Shandou 125 is a new soybean variety developed by the College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University in 1988 through sexual hybridization and pedigree selection. Its original line code was 88125-3-7-4.
In 1988, So-3-4 was used as the female parent and the Japanese variety Ri 9-11 as the male parent for hybridization, and 21 F1 seeds were harvested that year. In 1989, the F1 generation was planted, showing mid-early maturity and good disease resistance. After eliminating false hybrids, 16 uniform single plants were harvested. In 1990, the F2 generation was planted, with wide segregation and many types. From it, 19 excellent single plants were selected and harvested individually. In 1991, the seeds of the selected F2 single plants were sown in rows by dibbling, and excellent single plants were selected from them; the selected lines included 88125-3-7 and others. In 1992, the F4 generation was planted, and the selected excellent single plants included 88125-3-7-4 and others. In 1993, planting observation showed that 88125-3-7-4 had determinate pod-setting habit, compact plant type, mid-early maturity, good yielding ability and strong disease resistance. It was uniform within the line, so it was harvested in bulk by line. In 1994, it was advanced to the identification nursery for variety comparison trials. From 1994 to 1997, it participated in in-house variety comparison trials; from 1998 to 1999, it participated in the Shaanxi Province soybean regional trial; and in 1999, it also participated in the Shaanxi Province soybean production trial.
Characteristics: Shandou 125 has a summer-sowing growth period of 90-100 d in the Guanzhong area of Shaanxi, and 110-120 d for spring sowing. It has determinate pod-setting habit, plant height 60-7Ocm, main stem 11-12 nodes, 4-5 effective branches, white flowers, round leaves, gray pubescence, 50-60 pods per plant, mostly 2-seeded pods. The seeds are light yellow and nearly round, glossy, with light brown hilum color and 100-seed weight of 22-24g. The plant shape is convergent, the mature plant is spindle-shaped, the stalk is hard and lodging-resistant, and leaves fall at maturity. According to field resistance identification by the Shaanxi Institute of Plant Protection, Shandou 125 is highly resistant to soybean gray leaf spot and viral diseases. According to determination by the Shaanxi Loess Plateau Agricultural Testing Center, Shandou 125 seeds contain 43.95% protein and 20.55% fat, belonging to double-high quality soybeans.
In the 1994-1997 variety comparison trials, the average yield was 4389kg/hm2, an increase of 23.0% over the control Qindou 8. In 1998, it participated in the Shaanxi Province soybean regional trial, with an average yield of 2239.5kg/hm2, an increase of 15.4% over the control Qindou 8. In 1999, it participated in the Shaanxi Province regional trial, with an average yield of 2001kg/hm2, an increase of 8.8% over the control Qindou 8. The two-year average yield was 2121kg/hm2, an increase of 12.2%. In 1999, it participated in the Shaanxi Province soybean production trial with an average yield of 2341.5kg/hm2, an increase of 26.6% over the control Qindou 8, ranking first in the trial. In 1999, 4.67hm2 was planted in contiguous fields in Yangcun Township, Yangling District, with a yield of 2617.5kg/hm2. In the same year, 6.67hm2 was promoted and planted in Zhongzhang Town, Jingyang County, with an average yield of 2625kg/hm2. Since 2000, it has been promoted on a large scale in Huayang and Pucheng in Shaanxi, Yuncheng in Shanxi and other places, generally showing vigorous growth, many pods and strong resistance. In some places, the yield reached 3750kg/hm2.
Breeder: College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University
Regions and techniques: Shandou 125 is suitable for promotion and planting in the Guanzhong, Shangluo and Yan'an areas of Shaanxi, Yuncheng in Shanxi and similar ecological zones. This variety is a branching-type high-yielding variety, with 100,000-150,000 plants/hm2 retained, row spacing 45-5Ocm and plant spacing 15-20cm. The sowing period is from mid-April to mid-June. The sowing rate is 40-6Okg/hm2. In fields with medium to high fertility, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied heavily and nitrogen fertilizer lightly; in low-fertility fields, nitrogen fertilizer should be the main application. Pay attention to field management and timely control of pests and diseases.