Interplanting autumn soybeans in rice paddies yields good increases in both output and income

According to trials: after the mid-season rice harvest, by using the temperature and light conditions in the field, planting an additional season of autumn soybeans can increase soybean yield by 60-120 kg/mu, with economic income of 150-420 yuan/mu, giving a relatively good effect of increasing both output and income, and it is suitable for extension in ratoon rice areas below 400 m in altitude. The key technical points are as follows:

1. Suitable site and good varieties: fields below 400 m in altitude with no water for retaining ratoon rice, as well as all rice seed production fields, can be planted. After the rice grains have set, open ditches to drain water; after the rice harvest, promptly clear weeds and rice stubble, without plowing, and lay out lines at 110 cm to make beds, with a bed surface width of 86 cm, and open a ditch 26 cm deep and 26 cm wide between two beds. Choose early-maturing varieties with a short growth period. Such as Gongdou No. 3, Gongdou No. 5, Xiangchun No. 10, Xidou No. 3, Chengdou No. 4, Chuan Nong Early-maturing No. 1 and Ningzhen No. 1, etc.

2. Reasonable close planting: sowing of autumn soybeans should be completed in early to mid-August after the mid-season rice harvest. Generally, the seeding rate is 7-8 kg per mu. Before sowing, mix the soybean seed with 10 g of ammonium molybdate per mu. On the rice field bed surface, make holes and sow directly at a hole spacing and row spacing of 20 x 30 cm, with 3-4 seeds sown per hole, and the seedling stand per mu should be required to be more than 25,000 plants. Also apply seed fertilizer made by mixing and composting 30 kg of superphosphate, 150 kg of plant ash and 800 kg of fine residue fertilizer per mu to cover the holes.

3. Fertilizer and water management: before emergence, for field plots with dry soil, pour 1-2 times of clear manure water to promote germination and emergence. After emergence, promptly check the seedlings and fill gaps and thin the seedlings, preferably leaving 2-3 soybean seedlings per hole. When the first compound leaf unfolds, apply 1 quick-acting topdressing, with 900 kg of human and livestock manure water plus 5 kg of urea per mu; when the seedlings are about 25 cm tall, apply the second topdressing, with 600 kg of human and livestock manure water per mu. At the same time, carry out intertillage and weeding, and earth up to protect the seedlings.

4. Pest and disease control: in early September, use 150 mL of Hualuguo plus 15 mL of duoshajuzhi per mu, diluted in 50 kg of water for conventional spraying, to control soybean leaf roller and soybean stem fly; in the pod-setting stage in late September, combined with field weeds, use 150 mL of Hualuguo per mu diluted in 50 kg of water for spraying, to control soybean pod borer.

5. Timely harvest: the whole growth period of autumn soybeans is about 80 days. Generally, in early to mid-November, when about 2/3 of the pods on the plants are yellow-brown, they can be harvested. "Ningzhen No. 1" is a conventional variety, and large, plump seeds can be selected for use as seed the following year.