Mushroom Summer Disease Prevention and Control Methods and Technical Key Points

In summer, temperatures are high, humidity is high, and the base level of contaminating microorganisms is high. In view of these characteristics, effective prevention and control measures should be taken to ensure smooth production.

I. Disease prevention measures during the cultivation and mycelial running stage

Due to the influence of high humidity, the success rate of cultivation and mycelial running is greatly reduced, mainly manifested as slow mycelial running, weak hyphae, and a high contamination rate. Main measures:

1. Virus-free spawn and formulated substrate: Virus-free spawn can ensure that it does not itself carry viruses or pathogens and effectively improve resistance; this is the foundation of production. Research has shown that by adding 50 g of edible mushroom three-dimensional nutritional essence (mixing type) to every 250 kg of cottonseed hull raw material, many effects can be obtained, such as vigorous hyphae, improved resistance, faster growth, and greatly reduced contamination and disease rates.

2. Strict cultivation and disinfection. Thorough disinfection and sterilization inside the cultivation shed is one of the important guarantees for successful mycelial running. In production, spray Baibing Quwuzong or Baibing Sha inside the cultivation room (shed), keep it sealed for 2 days, and then it can be used. During the mycelial running period, spraying Saibai 09 medicine or Mushroom Bing Shaling about once every 5 days is an effective preventive measure.

3. Persist in ventilation and moisture removal. On the one hand, persist in ventilating on clear days in the evening and morning to keep the air fresh; on the other hand, place quicklime blocks inside the cultivation room (shed) to reduce humidity. However, it should be noted that under conditions without air-conditioning cooling, measures such as forced ventilation should be taken and management should be careful to ensure successful mycelial running.

II. Prevention and control measures during the fruiting stage

Practice has proved that for diseases in edible mushroom production, changing the traditional concept of emphasizing “treatment” while neglecting “prevention” and adhering to the principle of “prevention first, with equal emphasis on prevention and treatment” can achieve twice the result with half the effort in prevention and control. The following measures can be referred to in production:

1. Disinfect inside and outside the mushroom shed. On the basis of cleaning up sanitation, spray 800-fold carbendazim solution outside the shed, and use Baibing Quwuzong or Saibai 09 for carpet-like spraying inside the shed. For poor environments or old cultivation sheds, spray 2 times, expose to the sun for 2 days, and then it can be used.

2. Add Saibai 09 medicine when mixing materials. It has a good effect on inhibiting and killing contaminating microorganisms, with low drug residues, and can effectively reduce the contamination rate during mycelial running.

3. During the fruiting stage, use medicines regularly to maintain a good environment. Generally, Saibai 09 medicine can be used to spray the mushroom shed. For poor environments, Baibing Sha medicine can be used, spraying once every 5 days to inhibit or kill later pathogens and so on, so as to keep the environment relatively clean.

4. Thoroughly kill diseases once discovered. With the above measures used in combination, in today's increasingly deteriorating environment, it is still difficult to guarantee 100% freedom from disease. Therefore, attention should be paid to observation in production. When signs of pathogens are found on mushroom bags, medicines such as Xiaomei Wang should be used on the affected areas to kill them, and Saibai 09 can also be used to soak and wash the mushroom bags; when fruiting bodies first show disease, medicine should be applied according to the symptoms or the type of pathogen. By no means should one “turn to any doctor in desperation when seriously ill.”