What are the main cultivated mushroom varieties in China?

1. Mushroom strain 27962796: The mushrooms are round and regular, with no scales, a semi-membranous partial veil ring, thick caps, and medium-thick, fairly straight and short stems. The tissue is firm, the gills are tightly packed and pale in color, and there is no stem detachment. Each kilogram contains 90-100 mushrooms, and the fresh mushrooms have a relatively high water content, with a pre-cooking yield of 65%. This strain is suitable for cultivation on a double-fermented compost. The mycelium growth rate is medium to fast. It is relatively tolerant of fertilizer, moisture, and high temperatures. Its fruiting period is 3-5 days later than that of common mushroom strains. The mycelium has strong soil-creeping ability and strong knotting ability, and the mushroom formation rate is high. The mushrooms are basically solitary. It still does not die at around 20°C. The yield structure is even across flushes 1-4, with strong late-flush performance, so cultivation can be appropriately advanced. The average yield is generally about 9 kg per square meter, and the highest yield can reach 15 kg per square meter. 2. Zhenong No. 1: The mycelium of Zhenong No. 1 is a semi-creeping strain. This strain has the advantages of fast mycelium colonization, strong mycelium vitality, tolerance to water, tolerance to fertilizer, disease resistance, wide adaptability, and high-temperature tolerance. Zhenong No. 1 colonizes relatively slowly on test-tube medium, with mycelium appearing as downy strands with fine lines. The mycelium growth rate is fast in spawn and cultivation spawn. After sowing on the mushroom bed compost, it colonizes and spreads quickly; in the casing soil there are many soil-hugging, soil-penetrating, and vertical hyphae. The mushrooms are medium to large in size and pure white in color; under dry climate and insufficient water and fertilizer, the caps tend to become flat and develop scales. 3. As1671: The As1671 strain was obtained by crossing strains 176 and 8211 through paired hybridization to obtain the first-generation hybrid, followed by single-spore isolation and screening to obtain the second-generation hybrid. The fruiting bodies of this strain are round and neat, pure white in color, without a partial veil ring or scales; the stems are relatively thick and short, the tissue is firm, the gills are relatively pale, and the mushroom size is medium, averaging 110 per kilogram, with a high product rate. This strain is not tolerant of high temperatures, nor of high concentrations of carbon dioxide; otherwise, stemless mushrooms will appear. When fertilizer and water are lacking, small white spots tend to appear in the center of the stem. The yield is 6-9 kg per square meter. 4. Min No. 1: On test-tube medium, the mycelium of Min No. 1 is dense and white, with well-developed, pure white, neat, and stout aerial hyphae; the hyphae are short and dense, and the growth rate is slightly slow. On manure-straw compost, the spawn germinates quickly, grows vigorously and strongly, has relatively strong contamination resistance, and a high spawn survival rate, but it requires a high level of cultivation skill. The mycelium easily forms a mycelial mat. Above 21°C, mushroom death will occur, and the fruiting bodies are sensitive to temperature. When the temperature difference is large and the temperature changes sharply, hard opening of the caps and mushroom death easily occur, especially at the third flush. On the mushroom bed, it has strong mushroom-forming ability, dense fruiting, fast flush turnover, distinct flushes, and stable and high yield, averaging 80-100 per kilogram, with a maximum yield of 14 kg per square meter. The fruiting bodies are round and neat, pure white in color, with thick caps and no scales. The gills are small and pale, the stems are thick and short, and the caps open with difficulty. The mushroom size is medium to large. First-grade mushrooms account for 60%-70%, making it an excellent canning variety. 5. As1789 strain: The As1789 strain is an aerial-type spawn. This variety germinates and colonizes quickly and has strong growth vigor. The mycelium on the bed surface has strong soil-creeping ability, and no excessive vegetative growth has been observed. This variety fruits slightly slowly, but the mushrooms are neat and uniform. The fruiting bodies are round and neat, pure white in color, without partial veil ring marks, and the tissue is firm. The caps open with difficulty, the yield is relatively high, the fruit body size is medium, and there are 100 per kilogram. 6. As376: The As376 strain has relatively strong mushroom-forming ability and considerable yield-increasing potential, and the flush turnover time is short. However, the flushes are not distinct, and production is relatively stable. The average fruit body weight is 100 per kilogram. The mushrooms are round and neat, with thick stems and medium caps, slightly flat at the top, opening with difficulty, pure white in color, without scales or partial veil ring, with pale gills and firm tissue. The pre-cooking yield can reach 70%-72%.