How to control edible mushroom pests? Eight methods to help you deal with them skillfully

In the process of edible mushroom production, the control of pests (mushroom gnats, mushroom midges, springtails, mites, nematodes, etc.) is a headache for mushroom growers. Now I would like to introduce several methods for skillfully controlling edible mushroom pests to mushroom grower friends, for their reference.

1. Use fermented or sterilized substrate cultivation as much as possible to control the insect population in the cultivation site; the cultivation beds for button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) should use fermented substrate. When mixing the substrate, add 0.5% salt, 3% lime, 5%-8% plant ash, etc., which has a good insect-repellent and preventive effect.

2. Before the mushroom bags or substrate are brought into the shed, empty-shed disinfection should be carried out: spray and fumigate with 0.3% dichlorvos + 0.1% deltamethrin; or fumigate with aluminum phosphide at 10 grams per cubic meter, closing the mushroom house (shed), fumigating for 48 hours at around 20°C, and for 24 hours above 25°C. The insecticidal effect can reach 95%-100% (Note: aluminum phosphide is highly toxic, so pay attention to safety when using it). It mainly controls mushroom nematodes, mushroom flies, mushroom gnats, and mites, etc.

3. When pests occur on the surface of bed-cultivated substrate, spray a 1%-2% laundry detergent solution, which has a very strong contact-killing effect on mushroom flies, adult mites, and old and young mites.

4. Taking advantage of the habit of some pests preferring to be active in light-transmitting, cool environments, spray liquids such as miehailing onto light-transmitting plastic film, cover it on the bed, 1-2 times a day, spraying continuously for 3-4 times, which can kill adult flying insects.

5. Install several 15-watt light bulbs or black-light lamps in the mushroom house with pests, place a basin of water below, and drip kerosene into the water. This is extremely effective for trapping and killing adults such as mushroom gnats, mushroom mosquitoes, and dark-bellied fruit flies.

6. Sugar-vinegar liquid trapping and killing: mix sugar, vinegar, baijiu, dichlorvos, and water in a ratio of 2:3:4:1:90 to prepare the liquid. Soak gauze or cotton balls in the liquid, wring them dry, and place them on the substrate surface. When pests smell the sugar-vinegar odor, they crawl onto the medicated cloth or cotton and are poisoned to death.

7. Mix foods that pests like to eat with poison, such as mixing vinegar, sugar, insecticide, and roasted yellow bran in a ratio of 1:5:10:84, then sprinkle it around the mushroom bed and on the substrate surface for them to feed on; for pests such as mushroom flies, mushroom gnats, and nematodes, plant ash + pyrethrum (1 gram per square meter) can also be evenly sprinkled in a layer on the substrate surface, continuously for 2-3 days, with very good results, as it can both control insects and prevent disease.

8. In low-temperature seasons, for pests such as mites in the bed, the method of "first lure, then kill" can be adopted: on a clear morning, first spray the bed surface with sugar-vinegar liquid, cover with plastic film, pull open the straw curtain, and raise the temperature. At this time, a large number of pests will crawl from the depths onto the bed surface or the film; in the afternoon, uncover the film at the appropriate time, take it out of the mushroom shed, and wash off the attached insects with water. At the same time, spray the bed surface with a high-dose, low-toxicity insecticide and then cover with film. Doing this continuously for 3-5 times can eliminate the damage.