Technique for Cultivating Oyster Mushrooms by Combining Soybean Stalk Bags with Wall Cultivation

Using soybean stalks as the growing substrate and combining bag cultivation with wall cultivation to grow oyster mushrooms can reduce costs and increase benefits.

Preparing the substrate: select dry, mold-free soybean stalks, sun-dry them for 2-3 days, then crush them. Substrate formula (by weight): soybean stalk powder 78%, wheat straw 10%, soybean cake 5%, cornmeal 2%, gypsum 1%, superphosphate 3.5%, urea 0.5%. Add 130 kg of water to the substrate, mix well, then pile it up for fermentation, turning the pile 3 times during fermentation.

Bagging and inoculation: spread out the fermented substrate, and when the substrate temperature drops below 30°C, fill it into plastic bags 50 cm long and 22-25 cm wide, with a total of 3 layers of spawn per bag, covering the substrate surface at both bag ends with spawn, and tying the bag openings tightly. The inoculation rate is 15 kg of spawn per 100 kg of dry substrate.

Mushroom bag management: 10-15 days after inoculation, when the mycelium is growing vigorously, prick 8-10 small holes in the mushroom bags so that the mycelium gets sufficient oxygen and grows faster. After 20-25 days, the mycelium will have fully colonized the bags.

Prepare nutrient soil: nutrient soil formula (by weight): fertile garden soil 65%, sifted furnace slag 20%, mixed sawdust or straw powder 10%, lime 3%, superphosphate 1.5%, urea 0.5%. First mix the first 3 main ingredients evenly, then dissolve the lime, superphosphate and urea in water and sprinkle the solution onto the main ingredients, adjusting the moisture in several applications.

Removing bags and building the wall: 7-10 days after the mycelium has fully colonized the bags, untie the seals at both ends of the mushroom bags, roll each bag back from one end toward the other to the halfway point, then arrange them in two rows with the rolled openings facing outward, leaving a 3-4 cm gap between the two rows of bags, fill the middle with nutrient soil, spread nutrient soil 1-2 cm thick on top of the bags, then place a second layer of mushroom bags, and so build up layer upon layer of bags and soil for a total of 6-8 layers. Cover the topmost layer with soil 8-10 cm thick and shape it into a strip-style trough, in which garlic can be planted to prevent the soil from crusting.

Fruiting management: 5-6 days after the mushroom wall is built, spray water to induce fruiting. After harvesting the first flush, apply additional nutrient solution in the trough together with irrigation, spraying a solution made by adding 1 kg of superphosphate and 0.5 kg of urea to every 100 kg of water. Spray nutrient solution once after each harvest, so that 4-5 flushes of mushrooms can be harvested.

Dismantling the wall for bed cultivation: after 4 flushes of mushrooms, the mushroom wall can be broken apart, the mushroom bags peeled off, and the end that has not yet fruited placed upright facing upward in a sunny bed, filling the gaps between the mushroom logs with nutrient soil, then irrigating to soak the logs thoroughly and covering them with plastic film. After normal management, another 3-4 flushes of mushrooms can be harvested.