What are the ten methods for increasing oyster mushroom yields?
1. Temperature difference stimulation method
During the fruiting body formation and development stage of oyster mushrooms, giving a 7 to 12°C temperature difference stimulation every day can promote earlier fruiting and uniform fruiting body development. The specific method is: cover well with plastic film during the day to keep warm, and in the evening or morning on sunny days uncover the film to expose the bed, ventilate and cool down to increase the temperature difference; combine with high-humidity management to induce fruiting.
2. High humidity stimulation method
First open the mushroom bed (or mushroom blocks) and let them dry for 1-2 days, then spray water 2-3 times a day for 2-3 consecutive days, allowing the mushroom blocks to slowly absorb water, so that the water content of the culture medium on the surface of the mushroom blocks reaches the point where water drips when squeezed by hand. During the spraying period, the mushroom bed can be opened for ventilation; after spraying, use cotton cloth to absorb the accumulated water on the surface of the culture material, cover with plastic film to keep warm, and after a few days primordia will appear. Adopting the high humidity stimulation method requires two conditions: first, the mycelium must have fully colonized the entire culture medium and reached physiological maturity, with the main signs being exudation of yellow water, formation of a mycelial film, the mycelium being slightly yellow-brown, and even the appearance of individual mushroom buds; second, the culture medium must be consolidated into blocks and must not be loose.
3. Mycelium shaking stimulation method
After the culture medium is fully covered with mycelium, use a wooden strip with strong elasticity to squeeze and pat, shaking the surface of the culture material, which can promote accelerated mycelial growth and rapid differentiation of fruiting bodies, thereby increasing yield. When shaking the mycelium, the force should be even to prevent damage to the material surface.
4. Light induction method
When cultivating oyster mushrooms indoors, a certain amount of scattered light is needed for fruiting body formation. After spawning oyster mushrooms, it is suitable to incubate the mycelium under dark conditions, and after the mycelium has developed well, then expose it to light, which can induce fruiting. When the mushroom house lacks light, electric light can be used for supplementary illumination, which also has a good induction effect and can accelerate the speed of fruiting.
5. Plant hormone spraying method
During the young bud stage, spray once with a 05×10-6 to 1×10-6 concentration of triacontanol solution, which can promote plump fruiting bodies and snow-white mushroom color, generally increasing yield by 10%-15%; during the mushroom bud stage, young mushroom stage and cap expansion stage, spray once each with a 0.05% ethephon solution, spraying 50 milliliters of solution per square meter of bed surface each time, which can make the mushroom bodies sturdy with an obvious yield-increasing effect.
6. Monosodium glutamate stimulation method
Dissolve 50 grams of monosodium glutamate (sodium glutamate), 500 grams of glucose, and 100 tablets of vitamin B1 in 50 kilograms of water. After the first flush of mushrooms is harvested, spray the above solution once every about 7 days, spraying 0.5 kilograms of solution per square meter of mushroom bed, for a total of 3-4 sprays, which can significantly increase later-stage yield.
7. Plant ash liquid spraying method
After each flush of mushrooms is harvested, add 5 kilograms of plant ash to every 100 kilograms of water, soak, then take the clarified liquid and evenly spray it on the bed surface, which can promote sturdy fruiting and prevent the mushroom bodies from turning red, with a relatively obvious yield-increasing effect.
8. Compound agent spraying method
Use 5 grams of the regulator daminozide, together with 20 grams of magnesium sulfate, 10 grams of zinc sulfate, 5 grams of boric acid, 250 grams of vitamin B1, and 50 grams of urea, add 50 kilograms of water to dilute and prepare a compound liquid agent, and evenly spray it on the culture material during the mushroom bud formation stage, which can promote the formation and enlargement of fruiting bodies, with a remarkable yield-increasing effect.
9. Application of En fertilizer method
En fertilizer is a new type of highly concentrated organic compound liquid fertilizer, which can accelerate the growth of edible mushroom bodies and the rejuvenation of mycelium, and can inhibit the growth of competing bacteria. Applying En fertilizer to oyster mushrooms can make fruiting 3-4 days earlier, accelerate flushing, and allow 2-3 more flushes of mushrooms to be harvested. Method of use: after the oyster mushroom fruiting bodies enter the mulberry stage, spray 100 milliliters of 0.1% En fertilizer aqueous solution per square meter of bed surface, and spray again after 2 days, spraying 2 passes each time, for a total of 4 passes.
10. Application of rare earth method
Applying rare earth to edible mushrooms can not only achieve obvious yield-increasing effects, but also improve the quality of edible mushrooms. After applying rare earth to oyster mushrooms, the individuals become larger and the flesh becomes thicker, with a remarkable yield-increasing effect. There are two methods of use: one is mixing. For every 100 kilograms of culture material, take 6-10 grams of agricultural rare earth nitrate or 250 grams of "Gule" edible mushroom rare earth nutrient solution, dilute with slightly acidic water to prepare a liquid, and evenly spray it on the material and mix when turning the material for the last time. The other is direct spraying onto the bed surface. When the oyster mushroom fruiting bodies have generally grown to the size of soybean grains, spray onto the bed surface while supplementing water. The solution is generally prepared by adding 4-6 grams of agricultural rare earth nitrate or 250 grams of "Gule" to every 50 kilograms of water.