Key Techniques for High-Yield Oyster Mushroom Cultivation in Summer

In recent years, oyster mushroom production in Beiyang Village, Wangdu County, Baoding City has developed rapidly. However, the summer heat and high humidity, along with the rapid spread of pests and diseases, have created great difficulties for oyster mushroom production. The author believes that summer production should focus on the following points:

1. Strain selection. Choose varieties that are heat-tolerant, have good mushroom shape, high yield, and strong disease resistance. Such as: Hainan No. 2, Chuncai No. 1, He's 200, etc.

2. Ingredient treatment. Appropriately reduce nitrogen fertilizer usage. Appropriately increase gypsum usage.

3. Pile fermentation. Minimize factors that cause poor ventilation. The sign of good fermentation is that the compost turns brownish-red, has a pleasant mushroomy aroma, and contains a large amount of white actinomycete mycelium.

4. Inoculation and mycelium growth

1. To improve the success rate, sterilized substrate production should be used during the hot season, with inoculation at both ends. Use 20 x 40 cm high-density polyethylene bags filled with substrate, and sterilize at normal pressure for 8-12 hours. Inoculate when the substrate temperature is below 30 degrees C; spread the spawn as evenly as possible, covering the substrate surface; the culture room should be shaded and ventilated, with gauze screens nailed over the ventilation openings.

2. Arrange bags in a grid pattern or place them on the ground for mycelium growth. Place two bamboo poles parallel between each layer of bags. Determine the number of layers and the spacing between bags in each layer and between rows according to temperature conditions. Check substrate temperature daily; if it exceeds 30 degrees C, immediately turn the bags to release heat.

5. Fruiting management

1. Stack 2-3 layers (with bamboo strips or wooden boards between layers), with 2-3 cm spacing between logs. Lay a layer of plastic woven bags on the ground, and place square bricks on top of the bags to ensure the mushrooms stay clean. If sudden high temperatures occur, promptly splash water on the ground or walls, or spread out the piles to cool down.

2. Use a small blade to slit both ends of the fruiting bags along the edges, avoiding cutting the substrate surface as much as possible. Wait until primordia appear at both ends and have split into lobes before peeling back.

3. Use shading combined with nighttime ventilation and water spraying to regulate the shed temperature to around 25 degrees C, ensuring normal growth of oyster mushrooms.

6. Pest and disease prevention. Pest and disease damage in summer-cultivated oyster mushrooms should focus on prevention.

1. Before cultivation, thoroughly disinfect, sterilize, and treat the rooms and greenhouses to be used. For example, spray insecticide around the perimeter of the building, spread dry lime powder, and use formaldehyde and potassium permanganate for sterilization inside the room.

2. During the fruiting period, strictly prohibit the use of unclean river water or pond water for spraying.

3. During high temperatures, oyster mushroom cultivation is prone to green mold, yellow mold, mushroom flies, mushroom gnats, mites, and other pests and diseases. If pests are found during the fruiting stage, use Chongman Like, Guchongjing, Guweishi, cypermethrin, etc. for spraying or injecting into the cultivation bags for control. For yellow mold disease, use agricultural streptomycin, Baogu Wang, Fujunling, and other drugs in rotation for control.