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Detailed Explanation of Tea Plant Clonal Breeding Techniques and Methods

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A breeding method that combines single-plant selection with vegetative propagation to develop new varieties. Tea varieties developed through clonal breeding are called tea clonal varieties or tea vegetative propagation line varieties. They can reflect the heredity of the mother tree, maintain the excellent traits of improved tea varieties, have fast propagation speed and a short propagation cycle, and can be propagated through cutting seedling raising at the seedling stage, with a relatively high propagation coefficient. Since the promotion and success of short-stem tea cuttings, tea clonal breeding has been the selection method of "single-plant selection -- cutting propagation." The breeding method

A breeding method that combines single-plant selection with vegetative propagation to develop new varieties. Tea varieties developed through clonal breeding are called tea clonal varieties or tea vegetative propagation line varieties. They can reflect the heredity of the mother tree, maintain the excellent traits of improved tea varieties, have fast propagation speed and a short propagation cycle, and can be propagated through cutting seedling raising at the seedling stage, with a relatively high propagation coefficient. Since the promotion and success of short-stem tea cuttings, tea clonal breeding has been the selection method of "single-plant selection -- cutting propagation." The breeding methods are as follows:

I. Collect original materials.

II. Select superior single plants: According to the breeding objectives, select superior single plants from the original materials, mark them well, and observe them. The observation contents mainly include early or late sprouting, growth vigor and appearance, sprouting density, bud and leaf traits, high-yield potential, processing suitability, stress resistance, etc.

III. Preliminary propagation and seedling selection: For superior single plants that show outstanding performance after preliminary observation, carry out cutting propagation separately by plant, and adopt the method of using seedlings to raise seedlings to increase the number of seedlings, so as to arrange a preliminary trial nursery or comparative test. During the cutting seedling stage, investigate and observe the cutting survival rate, seedling formation rate, seedling height, seedling stem thickness, number of branches, number of leaves, stress resistance, root development status, etc. Before seedlings are released, select by plant line.

IV. Preliminary comparative test: For selected single plants that have already produced a small number of seedlings through cutting propagation, a preliminary comparative test may be arranged. Local excellent varieties or promoted improved varieties should be used as controls for comparison. The main observation items include early or late sprouting, bud and leaf traits, yield, processing suitability, stress resistance, etc.

Comparative test: For plant lines that are excellent in single-plant observation and seedling-stage selection and already have a certain number of cutting seedlings, or lines that show outstanding performance in preliminary comparative tests, arrange a variety comparative test using local improved varieties or promoted improved varieties of the same seedling age as controls. More than three replications are required, and each plot area should be more than 0.02 mu. The identification contents include: growth characteristics, stress resistance, high-yield potential, processing suitability, propagation characteristics, etc.

Regional test: For excellent lines selected through variety comparative tests or preliminary comparative tests, in the breeding service area, according to the requirements of regional tests, select sites for regional tests to determine the ecologically suitable regions and promotion areas of the excellent varieties.

Approval and promotion: New tea varieties that have passed regional tests shall be submitted to the provincial or national tea variety approval committee for approval, and those approved shall be propagated and promoted according to their suitable areas.

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