Four key measures for high-yield cultivation of oyster mushrooms
Supplementing nutrient solution: After harvesting the first flush of mushrooms, soak the mushroom bags in nutrient water with 0.1% urea and 3% white sugar for about 10 hours, allowing them to absorb a large amount of water, and the second flush will form quickly; then use a water injector to inject nutrient solution (vitamin B1, 20 mg, magnesium sulfate 20 g, boric acid 5 g, zinc sulfate 10 g, urea 25 g, cold boiled water 50 kg), reduce humidity and keep warm for 7 days, and the second flush will grow smoothly. Alternatively, break the mushroom skin at both ends of the bag once, place upside down on the ground, and irrigate with sufficient nutrient solution water (vitamin B1, 50 mg, magnesium sulfate 25 g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 30 g, cold boiled water 50 kg) once; after 2-3 days, lay flat and stack 3-4 thousand layers, and manage as usual.
Wall-style casing soil for moisture retention: Indoors or in a shed, lay a soil ridge 15-20 cm thick along the length of the mushroom bags in both longitudinal and transverse directions, place the spawn-run mushroom logs with plastic bags removed in neat horizontal rows on the soil ridge; after each layer of mushroom logs is arranged, cover with 3-4 cm of soil, spray water on both sides of the soil and smooth with a trowel. Continue stacking 6-8 layers in this manner, and the topmost layer should still be covered with soil and smoothed. After the wall is completed, spray a heavy watering once so the casing soil absorbs enough water; thereafter spray water daily to keep the casing soil moist, and manage fruiting as usual. Biological efficiency can be increased by 50%-100%.
Moisture retention by covering bag openings with nutrient soil: The nutrient soil formula is: fertile soil 45 kg, plant ash 5 kg, water 60%. Put 2-3 cm of nutrient soil into each end of the bag. After filling the bags, use a sewing needle to poke holes at the inoculation sites every 5 mm for micro-pore aeration to promote spawn running. During the fruiting period, spray water 1-2 times daily, and manage the rest as usual. Biological efficiency can be increased by about 50%.
Moisture retention by two rounds of sunken-bed casing soil: After bag-cultivated oyster mushrooms have completed three flushes, remove the bags and sun-dry for 1-2 days so a skin forms on the surface of the mushroom logs, which helps resist diseases and pests and inhibits excessive formation of fruiting bodies. Then use a sterilized kitchen knife to cut lengthwise into two halves, place cut side up tightly arranged on the sunken bed, fill the gaps between bags with fine sand, then cover with 2-3 cm of fine soil, and finally fill with an aqueous solution mixed with superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and white sugar at a ratio of 2:0.2:1:100, then cover with film to promote spawn running, and manage as usual. Biological efficiency can be increased by more than 80%.