High-nutrition formula cultivation of oyster mushrooms can achieve exceptionally high yields

The high-nutrition, exceptionally high-yield cultivation technique for oyster mushrooms uses raw materials such as wheat straw and rice straw, and adopts measures including high-nutrition formulas, removing the plastic casing from the mushroom logs, and covering with nutrient soil, so that the input-to-output ratio reaches more than 1:10, with very significant economic benefits.

1. Strain selection: choose wide-temperature varieties such as Changbai No. 1. The suitable cultivation time is from September of the current year to April of the following year.

2. Formula and treatment: there are 4 formulas: ① 50% soybean straw (crushed), 40% corncob or wheat straw, 8% cornmeal or wheat bran, 2% lime. ② 70% wheat straw, 27% wheat bran, 1% compound fertilizer, 2% lime. ③ 90% rice straw, 10% cottonseed oil residue. ④ 50% cottonseed hulls, 47% peanut shells, 1% phosphate fertilizer, 2% lime. Take one of these formulas, crush and mix the raw materials evenly, adjust the moisture content to 55%-60%, pile them up and cover with plastic film for fermentation and sterilization for 4-6 days.

3. Bagging, sterilization, and inoculation: fill each bag with 1 kg-1.25 kg of material, sterilize at normal pressure, and inoculate after routine disinfection of the inoculation room.

4. Spawn running: after inoculation, place the mushroom bags in the cultivation room, generally stacked 6-8 layers high, with the temperature controlled at 23°C-26°C. Pay attention to ventilation and air exchange, turn the pile once every 7-10 days, and the spawn can run fully in about 30 days.

5. Nutrient soil preparation: use 40% fresh cow dung or chicken manure, 40% miscellaneous sawdust, 10% quicklime, 8% plant ash, and 2% ordinary superphosphate, mix evenly, add about 60% water, pile up for fermentation, and turn the pile when the temperature rises to 60°C. A total of 2-3 turnings is enough, then add an appropriate amount of fertile soil to make nutrient soil.

6. Covering the mushroom logs with soil: dig pits 25 cm-30 cm deep in the greenhouse. If the soil moisture is insufficient, irrigate 2-3 days in advance to build up moisture. After removing the plastic casing from the mushroom bags, place them upright in the pits, with a spacing of 1 cm-2 cm between the logs, fill the gaps with nutrient soil, leaving the mushroom logs slightly exposed on the surface, then water the nutrient soil thoroughly with 0.3% urea water, and then close the greenhouse and shade it.

7. Management and harvesting: about 15 days after covering with soil, primordia appear. Spray water sparingly but frequently, and keep the relative air humidity at about 85%. After 3-5 days of primordia formation, when the mushroom buds are about to unfold their caps, increase the frequency of spraying water into the air and keep the relative air humidity at 85%-90%. After another 6-8 days, only then sprinkle water on the ground, increase the number of sprayings, and raise the relative air humidity to above 90%. Begin harvesting when the edges of the caps unfold. After each harvest, scatter a layer of plant ash, water, and then cover with soil 2 cm-3 cm thick. After 10 days, remove the covering soil and manage as before. A total of 4-5 flushes of mushrooms can be harvested.